蚯蚓对不同厚度复垦土壤中重金属生物有效性的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202201.005

生态学杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 124-131.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202201.005

蚯蚓对不同厚度复垦土壤中重金属生物有效性的影响

鲁福庆¹,王兴明^1,2,3,4*,储昭霞⁶,王运敏²,范廷玉^1,4,董众兵¹,徐晓平⁵,柏鑫¹

（¹安徽理工大学地球与环境学院，安徽淮南 232001；²金属矿山安全与健康国家重点实验室，中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司，安徽马鞍山 243071；³皖江流域退化生态系统的恢复与重建省部共建协同创新中心，安徽师范大学，安徽芜湖 241000；⁴安徽省高潜水位矿区水土资源综合利用和生态保护工程实验室，安徽淮南 232001；⁵安徽工程大学建筑工程学院，安徽芜湖 241000； ⁶淮南师范学院生物工程学院，安徽淮南 232038）

出版日期:2022-01-10 发布日期:2022-06-10

Effects of earthworm on bioavailability of heavy metals in reclaimed soils with different thickness.

LU Fu-qing¹, WANG Xing-ming^1,2,3,4*, CHU Zhao-xia⁶, WANG Yun-min², FAN Ting-yu^1,4, DONG Zhong-bing¹, XU Xiao-ping⁵, BAI Xin¹

(¹School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, Anhui, China; ²State Key Laboratory of Safety and Heafth for Metal Mines, Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Company Limited, Maanshan 243071, Anhui, China; ³Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China; ⁴Engineering Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization and Ecological Protection of Soil and Water Resources in High Diving Level Mining Area of Anhui Province, Huainan 232001, Anhui, China; ⁵College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Anhui Jianzhu University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China; ⁶School of Biological Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, Anhui, China).

Online:2022-01-10 Published:2022-06-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 煤矸石充填复垦土壤理化状态和重金属水平能显著影响后续生态利用。为查明蚯蚓对矸石上不同厚度覆土中重金属（Cr、Cu、Pb和Zn）总量和有效态的影响，采用土柱实验，将蚯蚓接种到矸石上覆土，设置10、20、30、50、70 cm五种覆土厚度，通过测定不同厚度覆土pH、有机质（OM）、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）、总钾（TK）和重金属(Cr、Cu、Pb和Zn)变化，探索蚯蚓对不同厚度覆土的生态改良效果。结果表明：在10～70 cm厚度覆土内，接种蚯蚓能使覆土pH显著降低趋向中性，OM较对照提升7.0%～13.5%，TN提升7.5%～13.4%，但TP提升均小于6.0%，而TK提升均小于2.0%，蚯蚓能对覆土OM和TN产生较好生态改良效果；接种蚯蚓能降低覆土中重金属（Cr、Cu、Pb和Zn）总量和有效态重金属含量，而蚯蚓和覆土厚度协同能较好地对覆土中总Pb、有效态Zn产生明显降低效应。接种蚯蚓后，覆土中总Cr、Pb和Zn、有效态Cr、Pb浓度主要受TP影响，而覆土中总Cu及有效态Cu和Zn浓度主要受TN影响，说明蚯蚓主要通过改变覆土TP和TN对覆土中重金属行为产生影响。因此，矸石上覆土中添加蚯蚓能改善覆土理化性质，降低覆土中重金属浓度，从而产生积极的生态效应，为矸石复垦生态修复提供新思路和新方法。

关键词: 蚯蚓, 复垦土壤, 煤矸石, 生态改良

Abstract: The physicochemical properties and heavy metal level of the reclaimed soil filled with topsoil on coal gangue can significantly affect the subsequent ecological utilization. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of earthworm on the total amount and available state of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in reclaimed soil with different topsoil thickness on gangue. Five thicknesses (10, 20, 30, 50, and 70 cm) were adopted for soil column experiment. Earthworms were inoculated into reclaimed soil to investigate the ecological function of earthworms on the reclaimed soil. We measured pH, organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), and heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn) contents in reclaimed soil. Within the overlying thickness of 10-70 cm, earthworm inoculation significantly reduced the pH of reclaimed soil to neutral. Compared with the control, soil OM was increased by 7.0%-13.5%, soil TN was increased by 7.5%-13.4%, TP was increased by less than 6.0%, and TK was increased by less than 2.0%. Therefore, earthworm had a good ecological improvement effect on OM and TN of the reclaimed soil. Furthermore, earthworm inoculation reduced the total amount of heavy metals and the contents of available heavy metals in reclaimed soil. The synergistic effect of earthworm and soil thickness significantly reduced the contents of total Pb and available Zn in the reclaimed soil. After inoculation of earthworms, the concentrations of total Cr, Pb and Zn, available Cr and Pb in reclaimed soil were mainly affected by TP, while the concentrations of total Cu and available Cu and Zn were mainly affected by TN. Thus, the behavior of heavy metals in reclaimed soil under earthworm inoculation was mainly influenced by TP and TN. As a result, inoculation of earthworm can improve the physical and chemical properties of reclaimed soil and reduce the concentration of heavy metals in reclaimed soil, thus producing positive ecological effects. Our results provide new ideas and methods for the reclamation of coal gangues.

Key words: earthworm, reclamation soil, coal gangue, ecological improvement.

鲁福庆, 王兴明, 储昭霞, 王运敏, 范廷玉, 董众兵, 徐晓平, 柏鑫. 蚯蚓对不同厚度复垦土壤中重金属生物有效性的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2022, 41(1): 124-131.

LU Fu-qing, WANG Xing-ming, CHU Zhao-xia, WANG Yun-min, FAN Ting-yu, DONG Zhong-bing, XU Xiao-ping, BAI Xin. Effects of earthworm on bioavailability of heavy metals in reclaimed soils with different thickness.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2022, 41(1): 124-131.

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蚯蚓对不同厚度复垦土壤中重金属生物有效性的影响

Effects of earthworm on bioavailability of heavy metals in reclaimed soils with different thickness.

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