半干旱沙区彰武小钻杨树干液流特征及其环境响应

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202605.020

生态学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 1497-1507.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202605.020

半干旱沙区彰武小钻杨树干液流特征及其环境响应

郭永泽^1,2,3，宋立宁^1,2,3*，孙一荣^1,2,3，朱新玮^1,2,3，赵静菲^1,2,3，王国晨⁴

（¹中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所，森林生态与保育重点实验室（中国科学院），沈阳 110016；²辽宁清原森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站，沈阳 110016； ³辽宁省公益林经营管理重点实验室，沈阳 110016； ⁴辽宁省沙地治理与利用研究所，辽宁阜新 123000）

出版日期:2026-05-10 发布日期:2026-05-07

Characteristics of sap flow for Populus×xiaozhuanica trees and its environmental responses in semiarid sandy land.

GUO Yongze^1,2,3, SONG Lining^1,2,3*, SUN Yirong^1,2,3, ZHU Xinwei^1,2,3, ZHAO Jingfei^1,2,3, WANG Guochen⁴

(¹CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; ²Qingyuan Forest, National Observation and Research Station, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China; ³Key Laboratory for Management of Non-commercial Forests, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China; ⁴Liaoning Institute of Sandy Land Control and Utilization, Fuxin 123000, Liaoning, China).

Online:2026-05-10 Published:2026-05-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 明确树干液流变化特征及其环境响应对于理解树木蒸腾耗水规律及其驱动机制具有重要意义。本文利用热扩散技术于2019年5—6月连续监测了科尔沁沙地南缘20年生彰武小钻杨（Populus × xiaozhuanica）人工林树干液流和环境因子动态，解析了树干液流特征及不同尺度树干液流与环境因子的关系。结果表明，彰武小钻杨树干液流速率晴天呈明显单峰曲线、阴天和雨天呈多峰曲线，液流速率大小表现为晴天>阴天>雨天。树干液流速率与气象因子存在明显的时滞效应，提前于水汽压亏缺60 min和空气温度30 min；而在土壤含水量较高条件下滞后太阳辐射20 min，土壤含水量较低条件下滞后太阳辐射50 min，表明土壤含水量显著影响树干液流的时滞效应。不同时间尺度（10 min、1 h和1 d）彰武小钻杨树干液流速率与空气温度、太阳辐射、水汽压亏缺、土壤含水量呈显著正相关，与空气湿度和地下水位呈显著负相关。主成分分析结果表明，在10 min、1 h和1 d尺度上主成分1（气象因素）的方差贡献率分别为61.6%、62.2%和57.6%，其中太阳辐射和水汽压亏缺是影响树干液流的关键环境因素；日尺度上太阳辐射对树干液流的影响程度高于水汽压亏缺。随着时间尺度增加（10 min，1 h 和1 d），气象因素对树干液流的影响降低而土壤含水量的影响增强。上述研究结果为理解半干旱沙区彰武小钻杨人工林蒸腾耗水规律及其对环境变化的响应提供理论依据。

关键词: 小钻杨, 树干液流, 时滞效应, 时间尺度, 环境因子

Abstract: Clarifying the variations of sap flow in trunks and their environmental responses is of great significance for understanding the driving mechanisms underlying transpiration patterns. In this study, the heat dissipation technique was employed to continuously monitor the sap flow in the trunks of 20-year-old poplar (Populus × xiaozhuanica) plantations at the southern edge of the Horqin Sandy Land during May to June in 2019. The characteristics of sap flow under different weather conditions and the hysteresis effect of sap flow under varying soil moisture conditions were analyzed, and the relationships between sap flow and environmental variables at different scales were established. The results showed that the sap flow rate of poplar exhibited a unimodal curve on sunny days and multimodal curves on cloudy and rainy days. The sap flow rate was highest on sunny days, followed by cloudy days, and lowest on rainy days. There was a significant hysteresis effect between the sap flow rate and meteorological variables, with the sap flow preceding vapor pressure deficit by 60 min and air temperature by 30 min, whereas it lagged solar radiation by 20 min under high soil moisture conditions and lagged solar radiation by 50 min under low soil moisture conditions, indicating that soil moisture significantly influenced the hysteresis effect of sap flow. The sap flow rate of poplar at different temporal scales was significantly positively correlated with air temperature, solar radiation, vapor pressure deficit, and soil moisture, but negatively correlated with air humidity and groundwater level. Results of principal component analysis indicated that the contribution rates of the first principal component (meteorological variables) at different time scales were 61.6%, 62.2%, and 57.6%, respectively, with solar radiation and vapor pressure deficit being the key environmental variables affecting sap flow. On the daily scale, solar radiation had a greater impact on sap flow than vapor pressure deficit. As the temporal scale increased (10 min, 1 h, and 1 d), the influence of meteorological variables on sap flow decreased, while the influence of soil moisture increased. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for understanding the pattern of transpiration of poplar plantations in the semiarid sandy regions and their responses to environmental changes.

Key words: Populus × xiaozhuanica, sap flow, time-lag effect, time scale, environmental variable

郭永泽, 宋立宁, 孙一荣, 朱新玮, 赵静菲, 王国晨. 半干旱沙区彰武小钻杨树干液流特征及其环境响应[J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(5): 1497-1507.

GUO Yongze, SONG Lining, SUN Yirong, ZHU Xinwei, ZHAO Jingfei, WANG Guochen. Characteristics of sap flow for Populus×xiaozhuanica trees and its environmental responses in semiarid sandy land.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2026, 45(5): 1497-1507.

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半干旱沙区彰武小钻杨树干液流特征及其环境响应

Characteristics of sap flow for Populus×xiaozhuanica trees and its environmental responses in semiarid sandy land.

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