外源硒与一氧化氮协同作用缓解番茄幼苗干旱胁迫的生理响应及基因表达调控机制

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202604.016

生态学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 1280-1289.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202604.016

外源硒与一氧化氮协同作用缓解番茄幼苗干旱胁迫的生理响应及基因表达调控机制

秦成¹,习雯婕²,牛佩瑶¹,张夏欣²,申洁¹,李强³,连慧达^1*

（¹长治学院生命科学系，山西长治 046000； ²山西师范大学生命科学学院，太原 030000； ³河南农业大学林学院，郑州 450002）

出版日期:2026-04-10 发布日期:2026-04-13

The synergistic effect of exogenous selenium and nitric oxide in alleviating drought stress in tomato seedlings: Physiological responses and gene expression mechanisms.

QIN Cheng¹, XI Wenjie², NIU Peiyao¹, ZHANG Xiaxin², SHEN Jie¹, LI Qiang³, LIAN Huida^1*

(¹Department of Life Sciences, Changzhi University, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi, China; ²College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030000, China; ³College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China).

Online:2026-04-10 Published:2026-04-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为揭示外源硒（Se）与一氧化氮（NO）对干旱胁迫下番茄幼苗生长的影响，以‘伯爵Ⅱ’番茄为试材，采用水培试验方法，在对照（CK）和干旱（D）条件下，分别设置无外源（ddH₂O）、单独根施1 μmol·L^-1 Se或叶面喷施100 μmol·L^-1 NO及根施1 μmol·L^-1 Se和叶面喷施100 μmol·L^-1 NO联用，共8个处理组，研究硒和一氧化氮对干旱胁迫下番茄幼苗生长、膜脂过氧化、叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶活性及相关基因表达水平的影响。结果表明：与CK相比，干旱胁迫显著降低番茄幼苗的生长指标及光合色素含量，并诱发氧化损伤，表现为丙二醛（MDA）、过氧化氢（H₂O₂）含量以及抗氧化酶活性显著升高。在干旱胁迫下，外源Se和NO均能有效缓解氧化损伤，其中Se+NO处理效果最显著：与无外源添加处理相比，其叶片MDA和H₂O₂含量分别显著下降42.5%和42.8%。联合处理通过下调氧化应激且有力诱导抗氧化防御系统，使SlSOD、SlCAT、SlAPX和SlGR基因的表达量较干旱无外源添加处理分别显著提升67.8%、28.6%、38.5%和21%，进而驱动超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）进一步增强，增幅分别为140%、20%、30%和30%。综上所述，外源Se和NO通过在转录水平协同调控抗氧化酶相关基因的表达，增强酶促防御系统活性，减轻膜脂过氧化，从而改善了干旱胁迫下番茄幼苗的光合性能与生长。本研究为解析硒、一氧化氮及其互作的潜在机理提供依据，对其在番茄生产上的应用提供理论支撑。

关键词: 番茄, 干旱胁迫, 硒, 一氧化氮, 生理特性

Abstract: We investigated the effects of exogenous selenium (Se) and nitric oxide (NO) on the growth of tomato seedlings under drought stress using ‘Bojue II’ tomato as the test material in a hydroponic culture system. There were eight treatments under both control and drought stress conditions, comprising: no external substance application (ddH₂O), root-applied 1 μmol·L^-1 Se, foliar-sprayed 100 μmol·L^-1 NO, and their combined treatment. We measured tomato seedling growth, membrane lipid peroxidation, chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activities, and the expression levels of related genes. Compared with the control (CK), drought stress significantly decreased the growth parameters and photosynthetic pigment contents of tomato seedlings while inducing oxidative damage, which was characterized by marked elevations in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Under drought stress, exogenous selenium (Se) and nitric oxide (NO) effectively mitigated oxidative damage, with the combined Se+NO treatment exerting the most pronounced effect. Relative to no exogenous addition treatment, the MDA and H₂O₂ contents in leaves were significantly reduced by 42.5% and 42.8%, respectively. The combined treatment downregulated oxidative stress and strongly activated the antioxidant defense system. Specifically, it increased the expression levels of SlSOD, SlCAT, SlAPX, and SlGR genes by 67.8%, 28.6%, 38.5% and 21%, respectively. This, in turn, further enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) by 140%, 20%, 30%, and 30%, respectively. In summary, exogenous Se and NO application improved photosynthetic performance and growth of tomato seedlings under drought stress by synergistically regulating the transcription of antioxidant enzymerelated genes, enhancing the activity of the enzymatic defense system, and alleviating membrane lipid peroxidation. This study provides a basis for elucidating the mechanisms underlying the effects of Se, NO, and their interaction, and offers theoretical support for their application in tomato production.

Key words: tomato, drought stress, selenium, nitric oxide, physiological characteristics

秦成, 习雯婕, 牛佩瑶, 张夏欣, 申洁, 李强, 连慧达. 外源硒与一氧化氮协同作用缓解番茄幼苗干旱胁迫的生理响应及基因表达调控机制[J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(4): 1280-1289.

QIN Cheng, XI Wenjie, NIU Peiyao, ZHANG Xiaxin, SHEN Jie, LI Qiang, LIAN Huida. The synergistic effect of exogenous selenium and nitric oxide in alleviating drought stress in tomato seedlings: Physiological responses and gene expression mechanisms.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2026, 45(4): 1280-1289.

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外源硒与一氧化氮协同作用缓解番茄幼苗干旱胁迫的生理响应及基因表达调控机制

The synergistic effect of exogenous selenium and nitric oxide in alleviating drought stress in tomato seedlings: Physiological responses and gene expression mechanisms.

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