富硒营养液对小粒咖啡光合特性及矿质元素累积的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202506.015

生态学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 1990-1999.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202506.015

富硒营养液对小粒咖啡光合特性及矿质元素累积的影响

马前涛¹,杨世波²,张满常²,刘曦南北¹,张云娟¹,李晓娇¹,柳青¹,纪占华³,刘宛^1*

（¹保山学院资源环境学院，云南保山 678000； ²保山市食品药品检验检测中心，云南保山678000；³武夷学院福建省生态产业绿色技术重点实验室，福建武夷山354300）

出版日期:2025-06-10 发布日期:2025-06-10

Effects of the addition of selenium-rich nutrient solution on photosynthetic characteristics and mineral element accumulation in coffee (Coffea arabica).
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MA Qiantao¹, YANG Shibo², ZHANG Manchang², LIU Xinanbei¹, ZHANG Yunjuan¹, LI Xiaojiao¹, LIU Qing¹, JI Zhanhua³, LIU Wan^1*

(¹College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Baoshan University, Baoshan 678000, Yunnan, China; ²Baoshan Food and Drug Inspection and Testing Center, Baoshan 678000, Yunnan, China; ³Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, Fujian, China).

Online:2025-06-10 Published:2025-06-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 植物是人体从外界环境中摄入硒的重要媒介，而咖啡是富集硒能力较强的植物之一。为评价咖啡生长、合理安全施用硒（IV）肥和生产富硒功能咖啡提供科学依据，本研究在田间试验条件下，以咖啡品种铁皮卡为试材，探讨在咖啡灌浆期叶面喷施0～160 mg·L^-1富硒（IV）营养液对咖啡光合性能、必需微量元素硒、铁和锌等含量及其相互关系的影响。结果表明，40、80和120 mg·L^-1硒（IV）处理下，咖啡株高增加了17.6%～23.2%，叶片叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量分别增加了12.6%～42.9%和23.7%～45.8%、净光合速率增加了11.1%～36.7%、气孔导度增加了12.6%～22.9%，叶片和果实中总硒含量分别增加了19.8～67.8倍和3.1～30.4倍。富硒咖啡生豆中含有较高浓度的游离氨基酸（增加12.5%～40.9%）、可溶性糖（14.6%～36.5%）、可溶性蛋白质（16.7%～44.3%）和矿质元素，如铜（11.2%～29.9%）、锌（18.5%～70.5%）、钴（12.8%～66.9%）、铁（11.1%～19.2%）和镁（15.5%～45.9%）；较高浓度的上述指标亦存在于富硒叶片中。但160 mg·L^-1硒（IV）对上述指标具有一定程度的抑制作用。因此，叶面喷施80～120 mg·L^-1富硒（IV）营养液能显著增加咖啡叶片或/和果实中净光合速率、总游离氨基酸、可溶性糖/蛋白质、总硒以及矿质元素含量，可作为缺硒地区生产富硒功能咖啡及改善其品质的一项重要措施。

关键词: 咖啡, 馆叶面施硒（IV）, 硒含量, 矿质元素, 光合特性, 可溶性糖

Abstract: Plants are important medium for human to ingest selenium (Se) from external environment. Coffee (Coffea arabica) has strong ability to accumulate Se. To provide a technical reference for assessment of coffee growth and safe application of Se fertilizer during the production of Se-enriched functional coffee, a field experiment was carried out in Lujiangba, Baoshan City, Yunnan Province. The coffee cultivar ‘Typica’ was used as test material, with Se(IV)-rich nutrient solution containing 0-160 mg·L^-1 Se(IV) being sprayed on leaves during the filling stage of coffee. Photosynthetic characteristics, accumulation of selenium, iron and zinc of micro-elements in coffee, and the relationships among them were examined. The results showed that foliar application of 40-120 mg·L^-1 Se(IV) significantly increased plant height (17.6%-23.2%), the contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b (12.6%-42.9% and 23.7%-45.8%), net photosynthetic rate (11.1%-36.7%), stomatal conductance (12.6%-22.9%), and the contents of total Se (19.8-67.8 and 3.1-30.4 times) in coffee leaves and green beans, respectively. Se-enriched green beans contained higher concentrations of total free amino acid (an increase of 12.5%-40.9%), soluble sugar (14.6%-36.5%), soluble protein (16.7%-44.3%), and several minerals, including copper (11.2%-29.9%), zinc (18.5%-70.5%), cobalt (12.8%-66.9%), iron (11.1%-19.2%), and magnesium (15.5%-45.9%). Those indices with higher contents occurred in Se-enriched leaves. However, foliar application of 160 mg·L^-1 Se(IV) inhibited those variables. Therefore, the proper concentration of a Se(IV)-rich nutrient solution (80-120 mg·L^-1 Se(IV)) can significantly increase net photosynthetic rate, contents of free amino acid, soluble sugar, soluble protein, total Se, and mineral elements in coffee leaves and green beans. This agronomic practice could be a promising strategy for production of Se-enriched functional coffee products and for the improvement of nutritional quality in coffee grown in Se-deficient soils.

Key words: coffee, foliar-spraying selenium(IV), selenium content, mineral element, photosynthetic characteristics, soluble sugar

马前涛, 杨世波, 张满常, 刘曦南北, 张云娟, 李晓娇, 柳青, 纪占华, 刘宛. 富硒营养液对小粒咖啡光合特性及矿质元素累积的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(6): 1990-1999.

MA Qiantao, YANG Shibo, ZHANG Manchang, LIU Xinanbei, ZHANG Yunjuan, LI Xiaojiao, LIU Qing, JI Zhanhua, LIU Wan. Effects of the addition of selenium-rich nutrient solution on photosynthetic characteristics and mineral element accumulation in coffee (Coffea arabica).

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[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2025, 44(6): 1990-1999.

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富硒营养液对小粒咖啡光合特性及矿质元素累积的影响

Effects of the addition of selenium-rich nutrient solution on photosynthetic characteristics and mineral element accumulation in coffee (Coffea arabica).
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富硒营养液对小粒咖啡光合特性及矿质元素累积的影响

Effects of the addition of selenium-rich nutrient solution on photosynthetic characteristics and mineral element accumulation in coffee (Coffea arabica). #br#

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Effects of the addition of selenium-rich nutrient solution on photosynthetic characteristics and mineral element accumulation in coffee (Coffea arabica).
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