硅对燕麦秆锈病抗性、非结构性碳水化合物代谢及内源激素含量的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202603.004

生态学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 866-873.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202603.004

硅对燕麦秆锈病抗性、非结构性碳水化合物代谢及内源激素含量的影响

李英浩^1,2，杨澳¹，刘景辉^1*，米俊珍¹，田露²

（¹内蒙古农业大学农学院/全国农业科研杰出人才及其创新团队/内蒙古草原英才创新团队/燕麦全产业链科技创新团队/内蒙古高校燕麦工程研究中心/燕麦内蒙古自治区工程实验室/内蒙古农业大学杂粮产业协同创新中心, 呼和浩特 010019; ²内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院, 呼和浩特 010031）

出版日期:2026-03-10 发布日期:2026-09-01

Effects of silicon on resistance to stem rust, non-structural carbohydrate metabolism and endogenous hormone content of oat.

LI Yinghao^1,2, YANG Ao¹, LIU Jinghui^1*, MI Junzhen¹, TIAN Lu²

(¹College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University/National Agricultural Research Outstanding Talents and their Innovation Team/Inner Mongolia Grassland Talents Innovation Team/Oat whole industry Chain Science and Technology Innovation Team/Oat Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Universities/Oat Engineering Laboratory of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region/Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Industry of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; ²Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Science, Hohhot 010031, China).

Online:2026-03-10 Published:2026-09-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确硅提高燕麦抗秆锈病的生理机制，以易感秆锈病的燕麦品种“坝莜1号”为试验材料，采用盆栽技术，分别设置不施硅不接种秆锈菌（CK）、施硅不接种秆锈菌（+Si-P）、不施硅接种秆锈菌（-Si+P）、施硅接种秆锈菌（+Si+P）4个处理，分析了施用1.5 mmol·L^-1硅对燕麦叶片发病进程、非结构性碳水化合物代谢及内源激素含量的影响。结果表明：（1）施硅处理有效延缓了燕麦秆锈病的发病进程，且发病症状明显减轻；（2）秆锈病菌侵染导致燕麦叶片生长素、脱落酸和茉莉酸含量先升高后降低，在接种后第3天达到峰值，水杨酸含量持续升高，施硅可显著提高叶片生长素、脱落酸、水杨酸及茉莉酸含量；（3）接种秆锈病菌后，燕麦叶片蔗糖和淀粉含量先升高后降低，葡萄糖和果糖含量呈“降-升-降”的变化规律，施硅处理下蔗糖、葡萄糖和果糖含量显著提升，淀粉含量显著降低；（4）接种秆锈病菌后，燕麦叶片蔗糖合成酶、蔗糖磷酸合成酶活性呈“升-降-升”的变化规律，酸性转化酶和淀粉水解酶活性则呈“降-升-降”的变化规律，施硅处理下蔗糖合成酶、蔗糖磷酸合成酶和淀粉水解酶活性显著提升，酸性转化酶活性显著降低。综上，秆锈病菌侵染下施硅显著提高了燕麦叶片的非结构性碳水化合物代谢能力和内源激素合成水平，从而有效提高了燕麦抗秆锈病能力。本研究结果为燕麦秆锈病新型病害防治措施提供理论依据。

关键词: 硅, 燕麦, 秆锈病, 糖代谢, 内源激素

Abstract: To elucidate the physiological mechanisms by which silicon enhances oat resistance to stem rust, a pot experiment was conducted using the stem rust-susceptible oat cultivar “Bayou 1”. There were four treatments: no silicon application + no inoculation with stem rust fungus (CK), silicon application + no inoculation (+Si-P), no silicon application + inoculation (-Si+P), and silicon application + inoculation (+Si+P). We examined the effects of applying 1.5 mmol·L^-1 silicon on the disease progression, non-structural carbohydrate metabolism, and endogenous hormone levels in oat leaves. The results showed that: (1) Silicon application effectively delayed the progression of stem rust and significantly alleviated disease symptoms. (2) Stem rust infection initially increased and then decreased the levels of auxin, abscisic acid, and jasmonic acid in oat leaves, peaking on the third day after inoculation, while salicylic acid content continued to rise. Silicon application significantly increased the levels of auxin, abscisic acid, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid in the leaves. (3) After inoculation with stem rust fungus, the sucrose and starch content in oat leaves first increased and then decreased, whereas glucose and fructose content exhibited a “decrease-increase-decrease” trend. Under silicon treatment, sucrose, glucose, and fructose content significantly increased, while starch content significantly decreased. (4) Following inoculation, the activities of sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase showed a “increase-decrease-increase” pattern, while the activities of acid invertase, and starch hydrolase in leaves all showed a “decrease-increase-decrease” pattern. Silicon application significantly enhanced the activities of sucrose synthase, sucrose phosphate synthase, and starch hydrolase but significantly reduced acid invertase activity. In conclusion, under stem rust infection, silicon application significantly improved the non-structural carbohydrate metabolism capacity and endogenous hormone synthesis in oat leaves, thereby effectively enhancing oat resistance to stem rust. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for novel disease control strategies against oat stem rust.

Key words: silicon, oat, stem rust, glucose metabolism, endogenous hormone

李英浩, 杨澳, 刘景辉, 米俊珍, 田露. 硅对燕麦秆锈病抗性、非结构性碳水化合物代谢及内源激素含量的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(3): 866-873.

LI Yinghao, YANG Ao, LIU Jinghui, MI Junzhen, TIAN Lu. Effects of silicon on resistance to stem rust, non-structural carbohydrate metabolism and endogenous hormone content of oat.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2026, 45(3): 866-873.

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硅对燕麦秆锈病抗性、非结构性碳水化合物代谢及内源激素含量的影响

Effects of silicon on resistance to stem rust, non-structural carbohydrate metabolism and endogenous hormone content of oat.

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