环境中抗生素抗性基因便携式检测的研究进展

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202603.037

生态学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 1024-1031.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202603.037

环境中抗生素抗性基因便携式检测的研究进展

倪好华¹，廉梅花²，杨程博³，王淑萍¹，刘惠君¹，李志恒^1*

（¹浙江工商大学环境科学与工程学院，杭州 310018； ²沈阳理工大学环境与化学工程学院，沈阳 110159； ³辽宁省地质矿产研究院有限责任公司，沈阳 110032）

出版日期:2026-03-10 发布日期:2026-09-01

Portable detection of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment: A review.

NI Haohua¹, LIAN Meihua², YANG Chengbo³, WANG Shuping¹, LIU Huijun¹, LI Zhiheng^1*

(¹School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; ²School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China; ³Liaoning Geology and Mineral Resources Institute, Shenyang 110032, China).

Online:2026-03-10 Published:2026-09-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 环境中抗生素污染日益严峻，抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）扩散能力显著增强，进一步增加了其在环境和临床中的传播，对公共健康构成严重威胁。由于ARGs易降解，环境样品的完整性和生物活性保存难度较大，有必要探讨潜在的环境ARGs原位检测技术。本研究综述了ARGs的传统检测方法，并对比了等温扩增技术（ITA）的特性，旨在选择高效ITA模式，并探讨其在便携式ARGs检测中的应用潜力。我们进一步介绍了与ARGs检测相匹配的信号传导系统，分析了生物传感器的种类特点，重点讨论了上转换纳米材料（UCNPs）的材料组成、结构特征和表面功能修饰，阐明了UCNPs在核酸检测中的应用现状，展望了其在ARGs检测领域的发展前景。

关键词: 抗生素抗性基因, 扩增模式, 上转换纳米材料, 信号传导, 便携检测

Abstract: As antibiotic pollution continues to worsen, the dispersal capacity of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) has significantly increased, further enhancing their spread in both environmental and clinical settings and posing a serious threat to public health. Due to the susceptibility of ARGs to degradation, preserving the integrity and biological activity of environmental samples is challenging. It is critically needed to explore potential in-situ detection technologies for environmental ARGs. We review traditional detection methods for ARGs and compare the characteristics of isothermal amplification techniques (ITA), aiming to select an efficient ITA mode and explore its potential application in portable ARGs detection. We further introduce signal transduction systems compatible with ARGs detection, analyze the types and characteristics of biosensors, focusing on the material composition, structural features, and surface functional modifications of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), elucidate their applications in nucleic acid detection, and prospect their future development in ARGs detection.

Key words: antibiotic resistance genes, amplification mode, upconversion nanoparticles, signal conduction, portable detection

倪好华, 廉梅花, 杨程博, 王淑萍, 刘惠君, 李志恒. 环境中抗生素抗性基因便携式检测的研究进展[J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(3): 1024-1031.

NI Haohua, LIAN Meihua, YANG Chengbo, WANG Shuping, LIU Huijun, LI Zhiheng. Portable detection of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment: A review.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2026, 45(3): 1024-1031.

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环境中抗生素抗性基因便携式检测的研究进展

Portable detection of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment: A review.

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