塔里木河中游胡杨树干CH4、CO2和N2O通量及其影响因素

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202512.005

生态学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (12): 4008-4018.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202512.005

塔里木河中游胡杨树干CH₄、CO₂和N₂O通量及其影响因素

塔依尔江·艾山^1,2，姚诗雨^1,2，王慧娟^1,3，玉米提·哈力克^1,2*

（¹新疆大学生态与环境学院，乌鲁木齐 830017； ²绿洲生态教育部重点实验室，乌鲁木齐 830017； ³新疆和田学院教育科学学院，新疆和田 848000）

出版日期:2025-12-10 发布日期:2025-12-08

CH₄, CO₂, and N₂O fluxes of Populus euphratica trunk in the middle reaches of the Tarim River and influencing factors.

AISHAN Tayierjiang^1,2, YAO Shiyu^1,2, WANG Huijuan^1,3, HALIK müt^1,2*

(¹College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; ²Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Urumqi 830017, China; ³School of Education Science, Xinjiang Hetian College, Hetian 848000, Xinjiang， China).

Online:2025-12-10 Published:2025-12-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 胡杨(Populus euphratica)作为塔里木河流域唯一的成林树种，在区域碳循环中起着关键作用。本研究以塔里木河中游天然胡杨为对象，通过原位观测法，对胡杨树干胸径（离树木基部130 cm）处CH₄、CO₂和N₂O温室气体传输速率进行测量，探究其离河道不同距离位置的排放特征及影响因子。结果表明：胡杨树干CH₄和CO₂的排放通量显著受样地和温期的独立影响（P<0.05）；CH₄和CO₂的排放通量在不同温度条件下存在显著差异（P<0.05），均为低温期（05:00—08:00）排放量大于高温期（16:00—19:00），而N₂O通量在不同条件下差异不显著；低温期树干CH₄、CO₂和N₂O气体通量分别为0.0583～0.6042、35.944～127.521和0.020～0.058 μg·m^-2·h^-1，高温期分别为0.0542～0.6085、33.968～101.344和0.019～0.102 μg·m^-2·h^-1。胡杨树干CO₂通量在高温期与气温存在显著正相关；CO₂和CH₄气体排放通量主要受树芯含水量和密度的正向调控，且在高温期更显著（AM：P<0.01；PM：P<0.001），风速则对CO₂排放具有显著负向影响（P<0.001），N₂O排放不受生长和气象因子的显著影响。胡杨树干3种气体排放通量与土壤含水量呈指数函数关系，CH₄和CO₂排放通量随着含水量增加先降后升，N₂O则相反。胡杨树干温室气体排放在样木间差异明显，CH₄和CO₂通量波动较大，且与土壤含水量和植物生长指标密切相关，N₂O通量变化较小，受环境因子影响不显著。

关键词: 胡杨, 排放通量, 树干, 塔里木河中游, 温室气体

Abstract: As the single dominant tree species in the Tarim River Basin, Populus euphratica plays a significant role in the regional carbon cycle. We employed in situ observation methods to measure the emission rates of greenhouse gases (CH₄, CO₂, and N₂O) in the trunk (at breast height, 130 cm from the base of the tree) in a natural Populus euphratica forest in the middle reaches of the Tarim River. The aim is to investigate the characteristics of CH₄, CO₂, and N₂O emission fluxes from the tree trunk at different distances from the riverbank and to identify the potential influencing factors. The results showed that CH₄ and CO₂ emission fluxes from the trunks were significantly influenced by sampling site and temperature period (P<0.05). CH₄ and CO₂ emissions during the low-temperature period (05:00-08:00) were greater than those during the high-temperature period (16:00-19:00). In contrast, N₂O flux was relatively stable. The fluxes of CH₄, CO₂, and N₂O during the low-temperature period were within the ranges of 0.0583-0.6042, 35.944-127.521, and 0.020-0.058 μg·m^-2·h^-1, respectively. During the high-temperature period, the emission fluxes for CH₄, CO₂, and N₂O were 0.0542-0.6085, 33.968-101.344, and 0.019-0.102 μg·m^-2·h^-1, respectively. CO₂ fluxes showed a statistically significant positive correlation with air temperature during the high-temperature period. CO₂ and CH₄ emission fluxes were mainly positively regulated by core moisture content and core density, particularly more significant during high-temperature periods (AM: P<0.01; PM: P<0.001). Wind speed exerted a significant and negative impact on CO₂ emissions (P<0.001), while N₂O emissions were not affected by growth and meteorological factors. The emissions of CH₄, CO₂, and N₂O from trunk showed nonlinear relationships with soil moisture. CH₄ and CO₂ fluxes initially decreased and then increased with increasing soil moisture, whereas the N₂O emission fluxes displayed an opposite trend. In general, greenhouse gas emissions from Populus euphratica trunks varied significantly among individual trees. CH₄ and CO₂ fluxes showed large fluctuations that were closely associated with soil moisture and plant growth indicators. In contrast, N₂O fluxes exhibited minimal variation and were insensitive to environmental factors.

Key words: Populus euphratica, emission flux, tree trunk, Tarim River, greenhouse gas

塔依尔江·艾山, 姚诗雨, 王慧娟, 玉米提·哈力克. 塔里木河中游胡杨树干CH₄、CO₂和N₂O通量及其影响因素[J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(12): 4008-4018.

AISHAN Tayierjiang, YAO Shiyu, WANG Huijuan, HALIK müt. CH₄, CO₂, and N₂O fluxes of Populus euphratica trunk in the middle reaches of the Tarim River and influencing factors.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2025, 44(12): 4008-4018.

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塔里木河中游胡杨树干CH₄、CO₂和N₂O通量及其影响因素

CH₄, CO₂, and N₂O fluxes of Populus euphratica trunk in the middle reaches of the Tarim River and influencing factors.

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