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外源褪黑素对干旱胁迫下大豆结荚期光合及生理的影响

邹京南,曹亮,王梦雪,金喜军,任春元,王明瑶,于奇,张玉先*   

  1. (黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院， 黑龙江大庆 163319)
  • 出版日期:2019-09-10 发布日期:2019-09-10

Effects of exogenous melatonin on photosynthesis and physiology of soybean during podding stage under drought stress.

ZOU Jing-nan, CAO Liang, WANG Meng-xue, JIN Xi-jun, REN Chun-yuan, WANG Ming-yao, YU Qi, ZHANG Yu-xian*   

  1. (College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China).
  • Online:2019-09-10 Published:2019-09-10

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摘要： 以“绥农26”为供试大豆品种，采用盆栽方式，研究外施100 μmol·L-1褪黑素对干旱胁迫下大豆结荚期光合及生理的影响。结果表明：与正常供水相比，随时间延长，干旱胁迫处理大豆植株生长受到抑制，结荚数量减少，并最终造成产量降低，光合作用和叶绿素荧光不断降低，抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质则呈先上升后下降趋势，而膜脂过氧化水平则不断升高；外源褪黑素提高了干旱胁迫下大豆结荚期地上部和地下部鲜干重、株高、叶面积和结荚数量并提高产量，缓解光合及叶绿素荧光下降，增加大豆叶片抗氧化酶（SOD、POD、CAT、APX）活性和渗透调节物质（可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸）含量，调节膜脂过氧化平衡（MDA、H2O2和相对电导率）；褪黑素处理提高了干旱胁迫下大豆叶片Pn、Tr、Gs，分别提高14.1%～30.0%、7.3%～19.6%、12.4%～20.3%，Fv/Fo、Fv/Fm、ΦPSⅡ和ETR分别提高3.5%～15.5%、5.4%～9.4%、2.6%～5.9%、3.0～18.2%；褪黑素处理籽粒鲜重、籽粒干重、籽粒数量、结荚数量和株高较干旱胁迫处理分别提高37.5%～51.4%、35.2%～150.0%、23.4%～42.1%、6.6%～28.7%、2.6%～9.6%，褪黑素处理单株荚数、单株粒数、单株粒重和百粒重较干旱胁迫处理分别提高8.6%、7.1%、10.5%和6.5%。综上所述，外源褪黑素可以提高干旱胁迫条件下光合和抗氧化酶活性并能缓解生长抑制，增强了大豆抵御干旱的能力并提高其产量。

关键词: 土壤全氮, 土壤有机碳, 细根, 凋落物, 植被类型

Abstract: To understand the effects of 100 μmol·L-1 exogenous melatonin on photosynthesis and physiology of soybean during podding stage under drought stress, a pot experiment was carried out with soybean cultivar ‘Suinong 26’. The results showed that, compared to normal water supply, drought stress inhibited the growth and decreased the pod number of soybean, and consequently reduced the yield. Drought stress continuously decreased the photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence, with antioxidant enzyme activity and osmotic adjustment substances being increased first and then decreased, membrane lipid peroxidation levels being increased. Exogenous melatonin increased the fresh weight, dry weight, plant height, leaf area and pod number in the podding stage of soybean under drought stress and thus increased yield, alleviated the decline of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence, increased the activities of antioxidant enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT, APX) and the contents of osmotic adjustment substances (soluble sugar, soluble protein, proline) in leaves, and regulated membrane lipid peroxidation balance (MDA, H2O2 and relative conductivity). Meanwhile, melatonin treatment increased the Pn,Tr and Gs of soybean leaves under drought stress by 14.1%-30.0%, 7.3%-19.6%, 12.4%-20.3%, respectively; increased Fv/Fo, Fv/Fm, ΦPSII and ETR by 3.5%-15.5%, 5.4%-9.4%, 2.6%-5.9%, and 3.0%-18.2%, respectively. Compared with drought stress, the fresh weight of grain, dry weight of grain, grain number, pod number and plant height under melatonin treatment increased by 37.5%-51.4%, 35.2%-150.0%, 23.4%-42.1%, 6.6%-28.7%, 2.6%-9.6% respectively; the number of pods per plant, the number grain of per plants, the grain weight per plant and the 100-grain weight increased by 8.6%, 7.1%, 10.5% and 6.5% respectively. In conclusion, exogenous melatonin can enhance photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities and alleviate growth inhibition under drought stress, which enhances the resistance of soybean to drought and increases its yield.

Key words: total soil nitrogen, soil organic carbon, fine root, litter, vegetation types.

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