关键词: 氮素, 新型肥料, 贵州辣椒, 积累与分配, 干物质

Abstract: Based on mathematical models and data of 1980-2017, environmental thresholds of fertilization in Henan Province and its prefectural-level cities were calculated to evaluate the eco-economic rationality of fertilization for reducing fertilizer use and improving the sustainable agricultural development. The results showed that environmental threshold of fertilization in Henan-increased from 104 kg·hm^-2 in 1980 to 266 kg·hm^-2 in 2017 and fertilization eco-economic rationality index changed from 0.72 in 1980 to 1.00 in 1988 to 0.16 in 2017 with alterations of fertilization rationality from relatively rational to rational to severely irrational. Hebi was only one city among the 18 prefecturallevel cities in Henan which belonged to the relatively rational for fertilizer use with the amount being less than 30% of fertilization environmental safety threshold in 2017. 15 cities belonged to the severely irrational for fertilizer use with the amount more than 50% of the thresholds in Henan, except for Kaifeng and Xinyang. For the use of single fertilizer in Henan, phosphorus was severely irrational, nitrogen was irrational, and potassium was slightly irrational. According to the thresholds, 3.1 million tons of fertilizers could be reduced, including 1.28, 1.15, and 0.66 million tons of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, respectively. There is a great potential for Henan to reduce the overused fertilizers and a huge task to assure the win-win development of grain security and friendly environment.

Key words: new-type fertilizer, nitrogen, dry matter, accumulation and distribution., pepper in Guizhou