Ecological environment is the core attraction of tourist resort; therefore, it is very important to optimize the resort landuse distribution in terms of ecological environment protection. In this paper, an ecological stress evaluation model was built based on stress ecology theory, thereby the ecological stress level of Wuyishan Mount national tourist resort was evaluated, and the land distribution pattern under the restriction of ecological stress was simulated by CA-Markov model. The comprehensive ecological stress index of the study area was 0.0685 in 2015, showing a severe stress state. Water body, grassland and unused land were also seriously stressed, while cultivated land, garden land and forest land were in a slightly stressed state, and tourism lands except entertainment land also faced a serious stress. Simulated results suggest that in 2025, tourism lands (such as entertainment land, residential land and traffic land) would be characterized mainly by an increasing trend, with gradual outward expansion around the existing lands, whereas the ecological land except water body would be reduced and the fragmentation degree would be improved significantly. In future, differential strategies such as increasing vs. decreasing, utilizing vs. protecting, rigid vs. flexible, and hardening vs. softening corresponding to stress degrees should be taken to develop Wuyishan Mount national tourist resort. The layout optimization of tourism resort lands based on the evaluation of ecological stress could balance the tourism development and ecological protection harmoniously.