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• 综述与专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

灭多威在环境中的残留与毒理效应研究进展

孟顺龙1,2,徐跑1,2,瞿建宏1,宋超1,范立民1,裘丽萍1,陈家长1,2**   

  1. (1中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心, 农业部长江下游渔业资源环境科学观测实验站, 中国水产科学研究院内陆渔业生态环境和资源重点开放实验室, 江苏无锡 214081; 2南京农业大学无锡渔业学院, 江苏无锡 214081)
  • 出版日期:2013-09-10 发布日期:2013-09-10

Residue of methomyl in environments and its toxicological effect: A review.

MENG Shun-long1,2, XU Pao1,2, QU Jian-hong1, SONG Chao1, FAN Li-min1, QIU Li-ping1, CHEN Jia-zhang1,2**   

  1. (1Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Lower Reaches of the Changjiang River, Ministry of Agriculture; Key Open Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Resources of Inland Fisheries, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, Jiangsu, China; 2Wuxi Fishery College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, Jiangsu, China)
  • Online:2013-09-10 Published:2013-09-10

摘要:

灭多威是中国及世界上广泛使用的一种氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂,并于1997年被世界野生动物基金会列为可疑的环境内分泌干扰物。因灭多威的使用量大、土壤中迁移性强、水中溶解度高、土壤内部和水中半衰期长,目前在某些地区的土壤、湖泊、海洋和地下水中检测到灭多威残留,已经对水生生态系统和人类引用水源构成了潜在威胁。本文重点综述了灭多威的应用概况、在环境中的残留及其对生物的急性毒性、环境荷尔蒙效应、氧化损伤效应、组织器官损伤效应和遗传毒性等,并在此基础上提出尚需重点研究的关键问题,以期深入了解灭多威污染现状及其对生物和生态系统的潜在威胁,为积极采取灭多威危害防治措施、保护生物资源和生态系统提供可资借鉴的资料。
 

关键词: 喀斯特流域, 生态风险, 漓江流域, 土地利用

Abstract: Methomyl is a carbamate insecticide. As a broad spectrum insecticide, it is one of the most frequently applied pesticides in China and in the world, and was ranked as the chemicals suspected of having endocrine disrupting effects by the World Wildlife Fund International in 1997. For its large application amount, strong mobility in soil, high solubility in water, and long half life in water and soil, methomyl has been presented in many soils and surface and ground waters for a long time, producing potential risks to the aquatic ecosystem and the drinking water sources of human beings. This paper reviewed the applications of methomyl, its residue in water and soil environments and acute toxicity to organisms, its environmental hormone effect, oxidant damage effect, organ damage effect, and genetic toxicity. Accordingly, the key issues still needed to be further studied in the future were proposed, aimed to better understand the present status of methomyl pollution and its potential risks to organisms and ecosystems, and to provide useful information to take effective measures to control the harmful effect of methomyl and to protect biological resources and ecosystems.

Key words: land use, ecological risk, Karst basin, Lijiang River basin.