高寒草甸不同草地群落物种多样性与生产力关系研究

生态学杂志 ›› 2005, Vol. ›› Issue (5): 483-487.

高寒草甸不同草地群落物种多样性与生产力关系研究

王长庭¹, 龙瑞军^1,2, 王启基¹, 景增春¹, 丁路明¹

1. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所, 西宁, 810008;
2. 甘肃农业大学草业学院, 兰州, 730070

收稿日期:2003-12-23 修回日期:2004-03-21 出版日期:2005-05-10
通讯作者: 龙瑞军
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(30371021);中国科学院“百人计划”资助项目

Relationship between species diversity and productivity in four types of alpine meadow plant communities

WANG Changting¹, LONG Ruijun^1,2, WANG Qiji¹, JING Zengchun¹, DING Luming ¹

1. Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China;
2. Grassland Science College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received:2003-12-23 Revised:2004-03-21 Online:2005-05-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生态系统的结构和功能、生物多样性与生产力的关系问题是近年来群落生态学中研究的中心问题,其中,生态系统生产力水平是其功能的重要表现形式,用4种不同草地类型探讨自然群落的物种多样性与生产力关系。结果表明,矮嵩草草甸、小嵩草草甸和金露梅灌丛群落中物种多样性与生产力的关系呈线性增加关系,藏嵩草沼泽化草甸群落中线性增加关系不显著,这表明群落生产力除受物种多样性的影响外,也受物种本身特征和环境资源的影响。不同的环境资源和环境异质性是形成群落结构特征、物种多样性分布格局差异的主要原因之一。

关键词: 黑土, 棕壤, 甲胺磷, 根际圈, 降解脱毒

Abstract: The relationship between species diversity and ecosystem function is one of the core problems on biodiversity research.Productivity is an important modality of ecosystem function.The species diversity of natural communities is often strongly related to their productivity.The grassland is an important component of the terrestrial ecosystems and plays a significant role in the biodiversity and ecosystem function's study.The relationship between species diversity and productivity of natural communities were studied on four alpine meadow types.The results showed that the species diversity-productivity pattern was linearly increase in Kobresia pygmaca meadow,K.humlis meadow,Potentilla froticosa shrub,while there was no significant linear relationship in K.tibetica of swamp meadow,which indicated that the species diversity of natural community could influence the productivity.At the same time,different environmental resource and environmental heterogeneity contributes to the productivity as well,which form discrepant structural characteristics of community and distribution of species diversity.

Key words: Phaiozem, Burozem, Methamisophos, Rhizosphere, Degradation-detoxification

中图分类号:

Q948.1

王长庭, 龙瑞军, 王启基, 景增春, 丁路明. 高寒草甸不同草地群落物种多样性与生产力关系研究[J]. 生态学杂志, 2005, (5): 483-487.

WANG Changting, LONG Ruijun, WANG Qiji, JING Zengchun, DING Luming . Relationship between species diversity and productivity in four types of alpine meadow plant communities[J]. cje, 2005, (5): 483-487.

参考文献

[1] 马克平,刘玉明.1994.生物群落多样性的测度方法.Ia多样性的测度方法(下)[J].生物多样性,2(4):231～239.
[2] 王启基,周兴民,张堰青,等.1995.高寒小嵩草草原化草甸植物群落结构特征及其生物量[J].植物生态学报,19(3):225～235.
[3] 王启基,王文颖,邓自发.1998.青海海北地区高山嵩草草甸植物群落生物量动态及能量分配[J].植物生态学报,22(3):222～230.
[4] 王启基,周兴民,王文颖.1999.高寒草甸主要植物群落物种多样性的初步研究[J].高原生物学集刊,14:77～87.
[5] 朱志红,王刚.1996.群落结构特征的分析方法探讨:以高寒草甸和高寒灌丛为例[J].植物生态学报,20(2):184～192.
[6] 杜国桢,覃光莲,李子珍,等.2003.高寒草甸植物群落中物种丰富度与生产力的关系研究[J].植物生态学报,27(1):125～132.
[7] 张大勇.2000.理论生态学研究[M].北京:高等教育出版社,151～200.
[8] 张全国,张大勇.2002.生物多样性与生态系统功能:进展与争论[J].生物多样性,10(1):49～60.
[9] 张全国,张大勇.2003.生物多样性与生态系统功能:最新的进展与动向[J].生物多样性,11(5):351～363.
[10] 陈灵芝,钱迎倩.1997.生物多样性科学前沿[J].生态学报,17(6):565～572.
[11] Bond EM, Chase JM. 2002. Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning at local and spatial scales[J]. Ecol. Lett., 5:467 ～ 470.
[12] Bengtsson J . 1998. Which species? What kind of diversity? Which ecosystem function? Some problens in studies of relations between biodiversity and ecosystem function[J]. Appl. Soil Ecol., 10:191～199.
[13] Guru O, Oler V, Nils C. 2001. Relationships between biomass and plant species richness in arid-zone grazing lands[J]. J. Appl. Ecol.,38: 836～ 845.
[14] Grime JP. 1997. Biodiversity and ecosystem function:the debate decpens[J]. Science, 277:1260～ 1261.
[15] Hector A. 1998. The effects of diversity on productivity: detecting the role of species complementarity [J]. Oikos, 82:597～599.
[16] Huston MA. 1997. Hidden treatments in ecological experiments:re- evaluating the ecosystem function of biodiversity [J]. Oecologia, 110:449～460.
[17] Huston MA, Aarssen LW, Austin MP, et al. 2000. No consistent effect of plant dioversity on productivity [J]. Science, 289:1255a.
[18] Naeem S, Tompson LJ, Lawler SP, et al. 1994. Declining biodioversity can alter the performance of ecosystem [J]. Nature,368:734～737.
[19] Pacala S, Tilman D. 2002. The transition from sampling to complementary[A]. In:Kinzig A, eds. The Functional Consequences of Biodiversity: Empirical Progress and Theoretical Extensions[C]. Prirceton: Princeton University Press, 151 ～ 166.
[20] Tilman D, Knops J, Wedin D, et al. 1997. The influence of functional diversity and composition on ecosystem processes[J]. Science, 277:1300～1302.
[21] Tilman D, Wedin D, Knops J. 1996. Productivity and sustainability influenced by biodiversity in grassland ecosystem [J]. Nature, 379: 718～ 720.
[22] Tilman D, Reich PB, Knops J, et al. 2001. Diversity and productivity in a long-term grassland experiment [J]. Science, 294:843～ 845.
[23] Tilman D, Knops J, Wedin D, et al. 1997a . The influence of functional diversity and composition on ecosystem processes[J].Science, 277:1300 ～ 302.
[24] Tilman D, Lehman CL, Bristow CE. 1997b. Plant diversity and ecosystem productivity: theoretical considerations [J]. P. Natl.Acad. Sci. USA, 94:1857 ～ 1861.
[25] Tilman D. 1999. The ecological consequences of changes in biodiversity: a search for general principles[J]. Ecology, 80:1455 ～1474.
[26] Tilman D, Reich PB, Knops J, et al. 2001. Diversity and productivity in a long-term grassland experiment[J]. Science, 294: 843～845.
[27] Tilman D, Dowing JA. 1994. Biodiversity and stability in grassland[J]. Nature, 367: 363 ～ 367.
[28] Wardle DA. 1998. A more reliable design for biodiversity study[J]. Nature, 394: 30.
[29] Waide RB, Willing MR, Steiner CF, et al. 1999. The relationship between productivity and species richness[J].Ann. Rev. Ecol.Syst., 30: 257～ 300.