三江平原县域耕地土壤细菌多样性分布特征及其影响因素

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202410.035

生态学杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (10): 3005-3014.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202410.035

三江平原县域耕地土壤细菌多样性分布特征及其影响因素

朱建宁^1,2,刘杰^2*,王昌昆^2,3,郭志英^2,3,马海艺^2,3,郝仕龙¹,潘贤章^2,3

（¹华北水利水电大学测绘与地理信息学院，郑州 450046； ²土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室，中国科学院南京土壤研究所，南京 210008； ³中国科学院大学，北京 100049）

出版日期:2024-10-10 发布日期:2024-10-11

The distribution characteristics and influencing factors of soil bacterial diversity in cultivated land at the county scale in the Sanjiang Plain

ZHU Jianning^1,2, LIU Jie^2*, WANG Changkun^2,3, GUO Zhiying^2,3, MA Haiyi^2,3, HAO Shilong¹, PAN Xianzhang^2,3

(¹College of Surveying and Geoinformatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China; ²State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; ³University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China).

Online:2024-10-10 Published:2024-10-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤微生物多样性分布及其影响因素的研究备受关注，全球、洲际、国家等大空间尺度的研究发现气候和土壤属性是主要的影响因素。但对于县域等中小尺度耕地土壤细菌多样性分布特征及其影响因素仍需要进一步明确。本研究以三江平原黑龙江省友谊县为研究区，采集土壤样品98个，并利用高通量测序和生物信息技术量化细菌多样性。结果表明，水田和旱地间主要土壤理化属性、细菌群落组成差异显著，且水田细菌α多样性显著高于旱地。相关性分析表明，土壤pH、有机质、全氮和全钾是耕地土壤细菌α多样性和主要优势门相对丰度的主要影响因子。同时，水田和旱地细菌群落结构差异显著。Mantel检验结果表明，耕地土壤细菌群落结构受到土壤pH和肥力因子的显著影响，同时受到地理距离一定程度的影响；将水田和旱地分别考虑时，水田土壤全磷对细菌群落结构的影响不显著，而旱地土壤全磷和地理距离的影响均不显著。经验贝叶斯克里格插值结果表明，研究区东北部耕地土壤细菌α多样性高于西南部。综上所述，县域尺度下土地利用和土壤属性是影响土壤细菌多样性和群落结构的主要因素，研究区细菌多样性总体呈现东北高、西南低的分布趋势。本研究的结果可以为县域尺度耕地土壤健康评估提供参考。

关键词: 中小尺度, 土壤细菌多样性, 土地利用, 分布特征, 影响因素

Abstract: The distribution of soil microbial diversity and its influencing factors have attracted much attention. Many studies at large spatial scales including global, continental, or national levels, have found that climate and soil properties are the main influencing factors. However, the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of soil bacterial diversity at medium and small spatial scales such as the county scale still need to be further clarified. To address this issue, 98 soil samples were collected from Youyi County, located in the Sanjiang Plain, Heilongjiang Province, China, and high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics were performed to quantify bacterial diversity. Results showed that soil physicochemical properties and bacterial community composition differed significantly between paddy field and dryland, with soil bacterial α diversity being significantly higher in paddy field than in dryland. Soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, and total potassium were the main factors influencing soil bacterial α diversity and the relative abundance of dominant phyla in cultivated land. Soil bacterial community structures were also significantly different between paddy filed and dryland. Results of the Mantel test showed that soil bacterial community structure was primarily affected by soil pH and fertility factors, and as well as by geographic distance. When paddy field or dryland was considered separately, soil total phosphorus did not affect bacterial community structure in paddy field, and soil total phosphorus and geographic distance had no significant effects in dryland either. Empirical Bayesian kriging interpolation results showed that soil bacterial α diversity was higher in the northeast than in the southwest of the study area. In summary, land use and soil properties are the main factors affecting soil bacterial diversity and community structure at county level. The overall distribution trend of bacterial diversity in the study area is high in the northeast and low in the southwest. Our results would provide reference for soil health assessment of cultivated land at the county scale.

Key words: medium and small spatial scales, soil bacterial diversity, land use, distribution characteristics, influencing factor

朱建宁, 刘杰, 王昌昆, 郭志英, 马海艺, 郝仕龙, 潘贤章. 三江平原县域耕地土壤细菌多样性分布特征及其影响因素[J]. 生态学杂志, 2024, 43(10): 3005-3014.

ZHU Jianning, LIU Jie, WANG Changkun, GUO Zhiying, MA Haiyi, HAO Shilong, PAN Xianzhang. The distribution characteristics and influencing factors of soil bacterial diversity in cultivated land at the county scale in the Sanjiang Plain[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2024, 43(10): 3005-3014.

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三江平原县域耕地土壤细菌多样性分布特征及其影响因素

The distribution characteristics and influencing factors of soil bacterial diversity in cultivated land at the county scale in the Sanjiang Plain

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