淹水和植被刈割对青草沙水库边滩大型土壤动物群落的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202302.002

生态学杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 361-367.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202302.002

淹水和植被刈割对青草沙水库边滩大型土壤动物群落的影响

张胜楠^1,2,童春富^1,2*,王涛^1,2,王毅伟³

(¹华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室，上海 200241； ²崇明生态研究院，上海 200062； ³上海城投原水有限公司，上海 200125)

出版日期:2023-02-10 发布日期:2023-07-10

Effects of flooding and vegetation mowing on soil macrofauna community in the Qingcaosha Reservoir beach.

ZHANG Sheng-nan^1,2, TONG Chun-fu^1,2*, WANG Tao^1,2, WANG Yi-wei³

(¹State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; ²Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai 200062, China; ³Shanghai Chengtou Raw Water Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200125, China).

Online:2023-02-10 Published:2023-07-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤动物是生态系统的重要组成部分，对区域生态环境具有一定的指示作用。为探究淹水和植被刈割对水库边滩大型土壤动物群落组成及多样性的影响，于2018年9月在青草沙水库边滩设置了淹水区、刈割淹水区和未处理区3个不同处理样区，并对各样区的大型土壤动物、植被和沉积物进行取样分析。结果表明：不同类型的干扰对大型土壤动物群落组成和多样性的影响存在差异。相较于未处理区，淹水区大型土壤动物群落的物种组成有明显不同，主要表现在膜翅目种类减少，鞘翅目种类增多。此外，淹水区大型土壤动物群落的Shannon多样性指数显著高于未处理区（P<0.05）。相同淹水条件下叠加植被刈割处理会对大型土壤动物群落产生负面影响。相较于淹水区和未处理区，刈割淹水区大型土壤动物群落的物种数减少，在其他两区占绝对优势的腊鼠妇（Porcellionides sp.）和环肋螺（Plectoropis sp.）并未在本区出现；刈割淹水区大型土壤动物群落的整体密度显著低于淹水区和未处理区（P<0.05），Shannon多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数和Pielou均匀度指数均显著低于其他两区（P<0.05）。从非线性回归分析结果来看，仅未处理区土壤动物的多度和生物量与该区0～2 cm土壤中值粒径、2～5 cm土壤总磷、总氮、总碳含量和植株密度组合显著相关（P<0.05），而淹水区、刈割淹水区均未发现与土壤动物多度和生物量显著相关的生境因子组合（P>0.05）。淹水和植被刈割除直接影响土壤动物外，可能还改变了相关生境因子与土壤动物的关系。

关键词: 淹水, 植被刈割, 青草沙水库, 大型土壤动物群落

Abstract: Soil animals are an important component of ecosystem and can indicate the ecological condition of the region. To understand the effects of flooding and vegetation mowing on the composition and diversity of soil macrofauna community in reservoir bench, we carried out investigation in three different sampling areas, including the flooding area, flooding and mowing area, and the untreated area in Qingcaosha Reservoir bench in September 2018. Soil macrofauna, vegetation, and sediment were collected and analyzed. The results showed that different disturbances had different effects on the composition and diversity of soil macrofauna community. Species composition of soil macrofauna community in the flooding area was different from that in the untreated area, with a decrease of Hymenoptera species and an increase of Coleoptera species. Moreover, the Shannon diversity index of soil macrofauna community in the flooding area was significantly higher than that in untreated area (P<0.05). Flooding together with vegetation mowing had a negative effect on soil macrofauna community. Compared to the flooding area and the untreated area, the richness of soil macrofauna species in the flooding and mowing area was substantially decreased. The two dominant species in the flooding area and the untreated area, Porcellionides sp. and Plectoropis sp., were not found in the flooding and mowing area. The density, Shannon diversity index, Margalef richness index and Pielou evenness index of soil macrofauna in the flooding and mowing area were significantly lower than those in the other two areas (P<0.05). The abundance and biomass of the soil macrofauna in the untreated area were significantly correlated to the combination of 0-2 cm soil particle median diameter, 2-5 cm soil total phosphorus, nitrogen and carbon content, and plant density (P<0.05). However, such significant correlations were not observed in the other two areas (P>0.05). Beyond their direct effects on soil macrofauna, flooding and vegetation mowing can modify the relationships between habitat factors and soil macrofauna.

Key words: flooding, vegetation mowing, Qingcaosha Reservoir, soil macrofauna community.

张胜楠, 童春富, 王涛, 王毅伟. 淹水和植被刈割对青草沙水库边滩大型土壤动物群落的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(2): 361-367.

ZHANG Sheng-nan, TONG Chun-fu, WANG Tao, WANG Yi-wei. Effects of flooding and vegetation mowing on soil macrofauna community in the Qingcaosha Reservoir beach.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2023, 42(2): 361-367.

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淹水和植被刈割对青草沙水库边滩大型土壤动物群落的影响

Effects of flooding and vegetation mowing on soil macrofauna community in the Qingcaosha Reservoir beach.

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