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生态学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 3364-3374.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202110.033

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    下一篇

电驱鱼技术在鱼类保护中的应用

黄晓龙1,白艳勤1,崔磊2,谭细畅3,石小涛1*   

  1. 1三峡大学水利与环境学院, 湖北宜昌 443002; 2水电水利规划设计总院, 北京 100120;3珠江流域水资源保护局, 广州 510380)
  • 出版日期:2021-10-10 发布日期:2022-04-01

Application of electric fish driving technology in fish protection.

HUANG Xiao-long1, BAI Yan-qin1, CUI Lei2, TAN Xi-chang3, SHI Xiao-tao1*#br#   

  1. (1College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China; 2China Renewable Energy Engineering Institute, Beijing 100120, China; 3Pearl River Water Resources Protection Research Institute, Guangzhou 510380, China).
  • Online:2021-10-10 Published:2022-04-01

摘要: 水利工程的修建阻断了河流的连通性,鱼类在通过水电站时容易受伤和死亡。利用水中电场对鱼类进行驱赶,使其远离危险区域,降低其受伤的可能性,并导向鱼道,提升鱼道的过鱼效果。电驱鱼是一项驱鱼效果显著且具有无限潜力的新型技术,对于鱼类保护具有深远意义。鱼类对水中电场具有敏感性,改变电学参数时,鱼类在水中电场会出现不同的反应,通过选择合适的电学参数和调整电极的方位,可以使水中电场起到很好的驱鱼作用和一定的导鱼效果。电驱鱼效果受多种因素的影响,包括鱼类的种类和体长、电导率、水温、流速等。本文基于国内外电驱鱼技术研究现状,探讨了电驱鱼技术在未来的发展方向和应用前景。结合当前电驱鱼技术存在的部分问题,指出该技术可向降低成本或智能化方向发展,为电驱鱼技术的进一步发展提供参考。

关键词: 电驱鱼, 水中电场, 鱼类行为

Abstract: The construction of hydraulic engineering has blocked the connectivity of rivers. Fish are vulnerable to injury and death when passing through hydropower stations. Using electric fields in water to drive fish away from the hazardous area and to redirect them into the fishway can reduce the probability of fish injury and improve the effect of the fishway. Electric fish driving is a new technology with remarkable driving effect and infinite potential, which has farreaching significance for fish protection. Fish are sensitive to the electric field in the water. Especially, when the electrical parameters are changed, the fish will respond differently in the electric field. By selecting appropriate electrical parameters and adjusting the electrode orientation, the electric field in water can play an important role in driving fish and guiding fish to some extent. The effect of electric fish driving is affected by many factors, including species identity, body length, conductivity, water temperature, and flow rate. We discussed the future development direction and application prospects of electric fish driving technology based on the present situation of electric fish driving. Considering current problems in electric fish driving technology, we proposed that the technology can be developed in the direction of cost reduction and intelligentization, which provides reference for the further development of electric fish driving technology.

Key words: electric fish driving, electric field in water, fish behavior.