深水湖泊沉积物不同形态氮的生物地球化学特征——以百花湖为例

生态学杂志

深水湖泊沉积物不同形态氮的生物地球化学特征——以百花湖为例

司霞莉¹,岳甫均^2*,王忠军³,曾杰^3,4,贾国栋¹,钟君¹,李思亮¹

(¹天津大学表层地球系统科学研究院，天津 300072；²University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom；³中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室，贵阳 550081；⁴贵州大学国土资源部喀斯特环境与地质灾害重点实验室，贵阳 550025）

出版日期:2018-03-10 发布日期:2018-03-10

Biogeochemical characteristics of nitrogenous species in sediments of Baihua Lake.

SI Xia-li¹, YUE Fu-jun^2*, WANG Zhong-Jun³, ZENG Jie^3,4, JIA Guo-dong¹, ZHONG Jun¹, LI Si-liang¹

(¹Institute of SurfaceEarth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; ²University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom; ³ Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; ⁴Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard, Ministry of Land and Resources, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China).

Online:2018-03-10 Published:2018-03-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 深水湖泊经历氧化及还原环境的交替变化，影响着湖泊水体氮的生物地球化学过程；其底层沉积物中一般具有特有的还原环境，其间氮的生物地球化学转化过程复杂。本文以云贵高原典型深水湖泊百花湖为例，在湖泊水体夏季分层期采集底层沉积物柱体，将沉积物柱体分层处理后，对不同深度沉积物中孔隙水、水溶态和吸附态不同形态氮含量，以及沉积物中颗粒态有机氮（PON）含量和同位素进行分析。结果表明，沉积物柱体孔隙水中的总氮（TN）主要由NH₄⁺-N和有机氮两种形式存在，TN含量为6.9～42.8 mg·L^-1，NH₄⁺-N含量为6.6～25.6 mg·L^-1。硝态氮及亚硝态氮含量均低于检测限，说明沉积物中硝酸盐经历了充分的反硝化过程以及可能存在的异化还原过程。吸附态NH₄⁺-N含量明显高于水溶态。沉积物中的颗粒有机氮含量为0.22%～0.60%。同时，颗粒有机氮含量在剖面上的变化趋势符合指数衰减模式，表明颗粒态有机氮含量的变化可能经历成岩作用和微生物矿化过程；δ¹⁵N PON值在31 cm以上随着深度的加深逐渐减小，变化范围为3.4‰～10.0‰，平均值为6.4‰，其中以10 cm以上同位素值降低趋势明显，其可能原因与微生物降解活动以及湖泊水体的交换有关。31 cm以下δ¹⁵NPON值的变化趋势与表层相反，则可能是早期成岩作用影响的结果。孔隙水中δ¹⁵NTN同位素值最高，吸附态和水溶态差异较小，且该同位素组成较PON富集¹⁵N，可推测孔隙水剖面NH₄⁺-N浓度的升高可能与硝酸盐的异化还原有关。

关键词: 生物药剂, 棉花, 黄萎病防治, 土壤微生物, 滴施, 高通量测序

Abstract: Deep lakes experience alternate oxidation and reduction environment, which mayaffect the biogeochemical processes of nitrogen. Lake sediments generally have a unique reduction environment with complicated biogeochemical processes of nitrogen. In the present study, vertical sediments were collected from a typical plateau deep lake, Baihua Lake, during summer stratification. The concentration of nitrogenous species in pore water, watersoluble, adsorptionsoluble, and particle organic nitrogen (PON) with δ¹⁵NPON in the different depths of sediments were analyzed. The results showed that the concentration of total nitrogen (TN) in the pore water,ranging from 6.9 to 42.8 mg·L^-1, was mainly composed of NH₄⁺-N, ranging from 6.6 to 25.6 mg·L^-1, and dissolved organic nitrogen. The concentrations of nitrate and nitrite were underdetection line, indicating that the nitrate was used by denitrification or the potential dissimilatory reduction. The concentration of adsorptionsoluble NH₄⁺-N was higher than that of watersoluble NH₄⁺-N. The concentration of PON in the sediment ranged from 0.22% to 0.60%. Meanwhile, its variation tendency was well fit to the exponential decay pattern, suggesting that the variation of PON concentration in the sediment may be due to the diagenetic effect and mineralization. The δ¹⁵NPON value above 31 cm depth decreased with depth, ranging from 3.4‰ to 10.0‰ and with an average of 6.4‰. It showed a more decrease tendency above 10 cm depth, which may be caused by the microbial degradation activity and the water exchange between pore water and lake water. The trend of δ¹⁵NPON value below 31 cm depth was opposite to that of the surface, which may be the result of diagenesis at early stage. TN in pore water had higher δ¹⁵N value than did watersoluble and adsorptionsoluble N. TN in watersoluble and adsorptionsoluble N had similar δ¹⁵N value, which was higher than the δ¹⁵NPON. The results suggested that the increases of NH₄⁺-N concentration in pore water may be related to the dissimilatory reduction process.

Key words: dripping, Verticillium wilt control effect, high-throughput sequencing, cotton, biological agent, soil microorganism

司霞莉,岳甫均,王忠军,曾杰,贾国栋,钟君,李思亮. 深水湖泊沉积物不同形态氮的生物地球化学特征——以百花湖为例[J]. 生态学杂志.

SI Xia-li, YUE Fu-jun, WANG Zhong-Jun, ZENG Jie, JIA Guo-dong, ZHONG Jun, LI Si-liang. Biogeochemical characteristics of nitrogenous species in sediments of Baihua Lake.[J]. cje.

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