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香蒲对锑矿渣中Sb和As的富集特征

陈俊峰1,吴攀1,2**,张萌1,张翅鹏1,2,韩志伟1,2   

  1. (1贵州大学资源与环境工程学院, 贵阳 550025; 2贵州大学矿山环境治理工程技术中心, 贵阳 550025)
  • 出版日期:2015-09-10 发布日期:2015-09-10

Accumulation characteristics of Sb and As in cattail growing in antimony mine tailings.

CHEN Jun-feng1, WU Pan1,2**, ZHANG Meng1, ZHANG Chi-peng1,2, HAN Zhi-wei1,2   

  1. (1College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; 2Engineering and Technology Center of Mining Environment, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China)
  • Online:2015-09-10 Published:2015-09-10

摘要: 对贵州某锑矿尾矿库进行野外调查、采样,测试该尾矿库矿渣以及生长在渣场内的香蒲(根、茎、叶)中锑与砷的含量。结果表明:渣中锑和砷平均含量分别为3216.49和27.12 mg·kg-1,香蒲根部锑和砷平均含量分别为617.64和19.87 mg·kg-1,叶中锑和砷含量平均值为183.63和0.41 mg·kg-1,茎中锑平均含量为97.63 mg·kg-1。分析表明,香蒲叶中的Sb含量与茎中Sb含量、渣中As含量与渣中Sb含量具有显著相关性,其余各变量之间相关性均不明显。另外,香蒲对矿渣中锑和砷有较强的耐受性,经估算,香蒲对Sb的年转移量为1278 mg·m-2(地上部分为342.71 mg·m-2,地下部分为935.29 mg·m-2);香蒲对As年转移量为31.46 mg·m-2(地上部分为0.75 mg·m-2,地下部分为30.71 mg·m-2)。因此,香蒲可作为Sb矿区,特别是尾矿库Sb和As复合污染区生态修复的目标植物之一。

关键词: 酸沉降, 重金属, 植物修复, 生物量, 雌雄异株

Abstract: A field survey was conducted in an antimony tailing pond in Guizhou Province of China. The samples of tailing residue and cattail growing in the mine tailing were collected and the concentrations of Sb and As were determined. The results showed that average contents of Sb and As in slag were 3216.49 and 27.12 mg·kg-1, respectively. Their average contents were 617.64 and 19.87 mg·kg-1 in cattail roots, and 183.63 and 0.41 mg·kg-1 in leaves, respectively. Moreover, the average content of Sb in stems was 97.63 mg·kg-1. Correlation analysis showed that there was a remarkable relationship between the contents of Sb in cattail leaves and stems and between the contents of As and Sb in slag. The study revealed that cattail was highly tolerable to Sb and As. It was estimated that the annual amount of Sb transfer by cattail was 1278 mg·m-2 (342.71 mg·m-2 in aboveground part, and 935.29 mg·m-2 in underground part), and the annual amount of As transfer by cattail was 31.46 mg·m-2 (0.75 mg·m-2 in aboveground part, and 30.71 mg·m-2 in underground part). Therefore, cattail can be applied as one of the target plants for ecological restoration of the areas contaminated by Sb and As.

Key words: heavy metal, acid deposition, dioecious, biomass, phytoremediation