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• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

半干旱区露天矿生态复垦土壤养分与植物群落相关分析

刘卫华1,赵冰清2,白中科3,4,上官铁梁1,2,段毅豪2,张婕5,郭东罡2**   

  1. (1山西大学黄土高原研究所, 太原 030006; 2山西大学环境与资源学院, 太原 030006; 3中国地质大学土地科学技术学院, 北京 100083;4国土资源部土地整治重点实验室, 北京 100035; 5山西大学生命科学学院, 太原 030006)
  • 出版日期:2014-09-10 发布日期:2014-09-10

Correlation of soil nutrients and plant community in ecological reclamation of opencast coal mine in a semiarid area.

LIU Wei-hua1, ZHAO Bing-qing2, BAI Zhong-ke3,4, SHANGGUAN Tie-liang1,2, DUAN Yi-hao2, ZHANG Jie5, GUO Dong-gang2**   

  1. (1Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; 2 College of Environmental and Resource Sciences of Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; 3 School of Land Sciences & Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; 4Key Laboratory of Land Cosolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100035, China; 5College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China)
  • Online:2014-09-10 Published:2014-09-10

摘要:

以中煤平朔安太堡露天煤矿排土场生态复垦区刺槐+油松配置模式固定监测样地为研究平台,以样地内的恢复植被和土壤为主要研究对象,研究了复垦区土壤pH值和养分含量特征,以及各种群平均密度、高度和胸径等种群基本特征与土壤因子的关系。结果表明:土壤有机质、全氮、速效钾含量均接近或超过原地貌水平,pH值、碱解氮和速效磷含量远低于原地貌水平;在同一剖面内,0~20 cm土层的土壤养分含量明显高于20~40 cm土层;刺槐和油松平均胸径、平均高度与立木平均密度极显著负相关,相关关系可用一元线性方程拟合;刺槐种群平均密度、平均高度和平均胸径与土壤pH值、碱解氮和速效磷含量关系密切,各自可用上述土壤因子线性回归方程拟合。主成分分析结果显示,3个土壤因子对刺槐种群的作用大小为碱解氮>pH>速效磷。可根据以上回归模型指导刺槐的复垦栽培。
 
 

关键词: 生态系统服务, 生态系统资产, 生态系统核算

Abstract:

A 0.8hm2 plot at the ecoreclamation area in Antaibao Opencast Coal mine of ChinaCoal Pingshuo Coal Company Limited was established for monitoring the plant community and soil after reforestation of a mixed plantation of locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and pine (Pinus tabuliformis). The relationships among the factors of soil pH, nutrients, vegetation density, tree height and DBH were examined. The results showed that the organic matter, total N and available K were similar to or higher than those of the original landscape, while the pH, available N and P were far lower than those prior to mining activities. In the same profile, the soil nutrients at 0-20 cm depth were significantly higher than at 20-40 cm depth. For both tree species, the tree density was negatively correlated to the mean height and DBH and well fitted through simple linear regressions. The density, height and DBH of R. pseudoacacia population were significantly correlated with the soil pH, available N and P. The principal component analysis revealed that the contributions of soil factors to the R. pseudoacacia population were in the order of available N > pH > available P. The regression models obtained in the study are expected to be useful in providing guidance to the reforestation of R. pseudoacacia population at ecoreclamation areas.
 

Key words: ecosystem assets, ecosystem accounting, ecosystem services