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三江平原植被水分利用效率时空变化及其对气象因子变化的响应

史晓亮,吴梦月*,张娜,丁皓   

  1. (西安科技大学测绘科学与技术学院, 西安 710054)
  • 发布日期:2020-05-10

Spatial and temporal variation of vegetation water use efficiency and its response to meteorological factors in Sanjiang Plain.

SHI Xiao-liang, WU Meng-yue*, ZHANG Na, DING Hao   

  1. (College of Geomatics, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China).
  • Published:2020-05-10

摘要: 水分利用效率(water use efficiency,WUE)是陆地生态系统响应全球变化的重要参数,分析区域生态系统WUE的变化特征及其与气象因子之间的响应关系,对于区域生态系统碳水循环研究以及水资源的科学管理具有重要意义。本文以三江平原为研究区,基于MODIS GPP和ET遥感数据、气象数据以及2000年、2014年土地覆盖数据,分析2000—2014年间植被WUE的时空变化特征以及植被WUE与关键气象因子之间的响应关系,并分析了土地覆盖变化下各植被类型WUE的变化特征。结果表明:三江平原WUE年均值变化呈波动式减少趋势,多年平均植被WUE为1.44 g C·kg-1 H2O;WUE年内变化均近似呈“单峰型”曲线,1—3月及11、12月,WUE均处于最低值,在植被生长季(5—9月)期间,WUE均较高;季节WUE均值由高到低依次为夏季>秋季>春季>冬季;各植被类型WUE年内变化呈“双峰型”曲线,峰值主要分布在4—6月和9月;不同植被类型的年均WUE值从大到小依次为:混交林>针叶林>阔叶林>草地>耕地>永久湿地;三江平原植被WUE与降水、相对湿度、水气压呈正相关,与气温、日照时数呈负相关;随着耕地面积的减少,耕地WUE增加了11.1%,随着落叶阔叶林、草地面积的增加,其植被WUE分别增加了12.8%、15.9%。

关键词: CERES-Maize, 玉米, 光温生产潜力, 播期

Abstract: Water use efficiency (WUE) is an important parameter for investigating the responses of terrestrial ecosystems to global change. It is of great significance to analyze the variation of WUE and its response to meteorological factors for research of carbon water cycling and regional scientific management of water resources. Based on MODIS GPP and ET remote sensing data, meteorological data and land cover data in 2000 and 2014, we analyzed the spatialtemporal change of vegetation WUE and the relationship between vegetation WUE and key meteorological factors in Sanjiang Plain. We further examined the change characteristics of WUE for each vegetation type in terms of land cover change. Annual mean variation of WUE in Sanjiang Plain showed a fluctuated decreasing trend. The mean annual vegetation WUE was 1.44 g C·kg-1 H2O. Monthly variation of WUE roughly showed a mono-peak curve. While WUE was lower from January to March and from November to December, it was higher in growing season (May to September). The seasonal WUE was highest in summer, followed by autumn, spring and winter. The intraannual change of WUE for each vegetation type showed a double peak curve, with the peak being mainly distributed in April-June and September. The averaged WUE values of different vegetation types ranked as mixed forest>coniferous forest>broadleaf forest>grassland>Cultivated land>permanent wetland. Vegetation WUE in Sanjiang Plain was positively correlated with precipitation, relative humidity and vapor pressure, but negatively correlated with temperature and sunshine hours. With the reduction of cultivated land area, the WUE of cultivated land increased by 11.1%. With the increased area of deciduous broadleaved forest and grassland, vegetation WUE increased by 12.8% and 15.9%, respectively.

Key words: light-temperature potential productivity, sowing date., CERES-Maize, maize