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多年紫云英还田对稻田杂草种子库密度及多样性的影响

唐杉1,王允青1*,张智2,吴立蒙2,黄俊3,曹卫东4
  

  1. 1安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所/安徽养分循环与资源环境省级实验室, 合肥 230031; 2安徽省桐城市吕亭镇农技站, 安徽桐城 231402; 3安徽省桐城市种植业管理局, 安徽桐城 231400; 4中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/农业部植物营养与肥料重点实验室,  北京 100081)
  • 出版日期:2016-07-10 发布日期:2016-07-10

Effects of multi-year milk vetch application on weed seedbank density and biodiversity in paddy field.

TANG Shan1, WANG Yun-qing1*, ZHANG Zhi2, WU Li-meng2, HUANG Jun3, CAO Wei-dong4#br#   

  1. (1Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling, Resources and Environment of Anhui, Hefei 230031, China; 2Agricultural Technique Station of Luting Township, Tongcheng 231402, Anhui, China; 3Bureau of Planting Management of Tongcheng, Tongcheng 231400, Anhui, China; 4Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Beijing 100081, China).
  • Online:2016-07-10 Published:2016-07-10

摘要: 以多年定位试验为平台,研究了连续7年紫云英双季稻轮作后稻田土壤杂草种子库密度及多样性,并探讨了稻田土壤主要杂草种子群落与土壤主要肥力因素的关系。结果表明:多年紫云英还田可显著减少稻田杂草种子库子密度(P<0.05),稻槎菜(Lapsana apogonoides)及水莎草(Juncellus serotinus)等主要种类种子密度显著性降低(P<0.05);0~20 cm土层中,各处理Shannon多样性指数、Simpson多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数从高到低均为翻压紫云英、纯化肥、不施肥处理,紫云英还田显著提高了杂草种子库物种多样性及均匀度(P<0.05);多年紫云英还田及化肥施用对土壤基本理化性状产生显著影响(P<0.05),土壤pH的降低(P<0.05),土壤全氮的提高(P<0.01)显著提高了杂草种子库多样性,土壤碱解氮的提高对种子库多样性的提高也有一定影响(P<0.1)。

关键词: 作物,  , 小麦/玉米套作,  , 光合有效辐射,  , 光合有效辐射截获,  , 几何模型,  , 河套灌区

Abstract: Based on a 7-year sitespecific experiment, we studied the density and biodiversity of weed seedbank with milk vetch application in paddy field, discussed the relationship between weed seed community and soil fertility factors. The results showed that yearly milk vetch application significantly reduced the density of paddy weed seedbank and main weed seed species, such as Lapsana apogonoides, Juncellus serotinus (P<0.05). In 0-20 cm soil layer, Shannon index, Simpson index and Pielou index of weed seed were in order of chemical fertilizer with milk vetch application treatment, chemical fertilizer without milk vetch application treatment, no fertilizer treatment in descending order. Yearly milk vetch application significantly improved richness and evenness of weed seedbank (P<0.05). Yearly milk vetch and fertilizer application had a significant effect on major soil fertility factors (P<0.05). The soil pH had a significant negative correlation with biodiversity index of weed seedbank (P<0.05). The increase of soil total N and available N highly significantly improved the weed seedbank biodiversity (P<0.01). There was also a positive relationship between weed seedbank biodiversity and soil available N (P<0.1).

Key words: wheat/maize intercropping, crops, photosynthetically active radiation, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) interception, geometrical model, Hetao Irrigation District.