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基于MOD13Q1数据分析2001—2015年西双版纳植被变化特征

赵桔超1,3,朱彦辉1,2,3,段国辉2,3,杨昆2,3*   

  1. (1云南师范大学旅游与地理科学学院, 昆明 650500;2云南师范大学信息学院, 昆明 650500;3西部资源环境地理信息技术教育部工程研究中心, 昆明 650500)
  • 出版日期:2019-04-10 发布日期:2019-04-10

Spatial and temporal dynamics of vegetation in Xishuangbanna from 2001 to 2015 based on MOD13Q1 data.

ZHAO Ju-chao1,3, ZHU Yan-hui1,2,3, DUAN Guo-hui2,3, YANG Kun2,3*   

  1. (1School of Tourism and Geographical Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China; 2School of Information, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China; 3The Engineering Research Center of GIS Technology in Western China of Ministry of Education of China, Kunming 650500, China).
  • Online:2019-04-10 Published:2019-04-10

摘要: 西双版纳是中国最大的热带雨林和国际上重要的生物多样性保护地区之一,研究该区域植被时空变化规律及其与气候因子的关系可为生态环境管理提供信息支撑。利用2001—2015年MOD13Q1数据并结合气象资料,采用空间自相关分析、线性回归分析及偏相关分析方法,探讨了西双版纳NDVI的时空变化特征、空间自相关分布模式及其对水热因子的响应。结果表明:2001—2015年NDVI值呈缓慢增加趋势,增速为0.11%·10 a-1,其中2011—2015年呈明显上升趋势;在季节上,NDVI存在“逆季”现象,NDVI最小值出现在夏季;全区15年的NDVI平均值为0.875,呈现出“东部高、西部低”的格局,NDVI阈值在0.85~0.90所占面积比例最大;2001—2015年植被NDVI的全局Moran I均大于0.65,呈现较显著的正空间自相关,但NDVI的空间集聚程度减弱,趋向于破碎化,其中,2013年NDVI的空间异质性最强;不同气候条件下NDVI变化存在差异,在北热带气候区,趋于改善的面积(28.74%)比退化的面积(9.40%)要大;在南亚热带和中亚热带气候区,退化趋势面积略高于改善趋势面积;气温是影响西双版纳植被生长的主导因子,12月—翌年2月气温与NDVI呈显著正相关,6—11月降水量与NDVI呈显著负相关。

关键词: 云冷杉林, 落叶松林, 物种组成, 径级结构, 空间分布

Abstract: Xishuangbanna, the largest rainforest region in China, is one of the most important biodiversity conservation areas in the world. Studying the temporal and spatial variations of vegetation in Xishuangbanna and its relationship with climate factors can provide scientific supports for environmental management. This study, based on MODISNDVI dataset, aims to assess the spatialtemporal dynamics and spatial autocorrelation distribution pattern of NDVI and its response to thermalmoisture factors in Xishuangbanna from 2001 to 2015. Spatial autocorrelation analysis, linearregression analysis and partial correlation analysis were carried out. From 2001 to 2015, annual NDVI showed a slowly upward trend, with a rate of 0.11%·10 a-1 and the most pronounced enhancement in 2011-2015. NDVI had a “season inversion” phenomenon, i.e., the lowest NDVI value occurred in summer. In the past 15 years, mean NDVI of Xishuangbanna was 0.875, with a pattern of “high in the east and low in the west”. The NDVI threshold within 0.85-0.9 accounted for the largest proportion of the area. From 2001 to 2015, the Global Moran’s I of NDVI was greater than 0.65, showing a significant positive spatial autocorrelation, but the degree of spatial agglomeration of NDVI had weakened and tended to be fragmented. In 2013, the spatial heterogeneity of NDVI was the strongest. There were differences in vegetation change across different climate types. In the north tropical zone, the areas with improvement and degradation accounted for 28.74% and 9.40%, respectively. In the south subtropical and mid-subtropical zones, the deteriorated area was slightly higher than the improved area. Temperature was the dominant factor driving vegetation growth in Xishuangbanna, which was positively correlated with NDVI from December to February of the following year. Precipitation from June to November was significantly negatively correlated with NDVI.

Key words: spruce-fir forest, larch forest, species composition, size class structure, spatial distribution.