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生态学杂志 ›› 2010, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (08): 1646-1654.

• 综述与专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

城市生态基础设施及其构建原则

杜士强,于德永**   

  1. 北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京 100875
  • 出版日期:2010-08-06 发布日期:2010-08-06

Urban ecological infrastructure and its construction principles.

DU Shi-qiang, YU De-yong   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • Online:2010-08-06 Published:2010-08-06

摘要: 城市生态基础设施是一个综合的概念,不仅包含了绿色植被、河网水系,也包括了大尺度地貌格局;不但突出强调了基于这些生态用地的网络体系构建,还着重强化了城市生态建设的作用和意义。城市生态基础设施可以维系城市生物多样性、土壤侵蚀及水文循环等自然生态过程的稳定,并可以通过缓解交通污染,调节空气质量,增进休闲文化和生态教育,促进社会经济发展,以及约束和导向城市扩张等方面改善和保障城市人居环境质量。城市生态基础设施的构建中应高度重视其整体性和系统性:(1)在城市总体规划中要注重生态规划先行,对重要生态区域进行重点保护和永久保留,并将其纳入城市整体生态网络体系,提高整体稳定性;(2)在社区尺度上,应重视公众在社区生态基础设施构建中的作用,引导公众参与社区生态基础设施规划的制定,鼓励公众及企事业单位参与社区生态基础设施的构建和保护,努力提高城市整体的人居环境质量。

关键词: 三峡库区, 地被物, 苔藓, 枯落物, 储水特性

Abstract: The concept of urban ecological infrastructure (EI) is highly comprehensive and integrative, incorporating not only vegetations and river networks but also large-scale landforms pattern, such as mountains and coastlines. Furthermore, this concept underlines a systematic construction in the context of ecological lands, and the role and significance of urban ecological construction as well. Therefore, urban EI is essential for sustaining biodiversity in urban areas through maintaining the stability of natural ecological processes, such as soil erosion and hydrological cycle. The EI in urban systems also provides valuable eco-services via alleviating pollutions, regulating air quality, and enhancing recreational culture and ecological education. It can also be used to guild urban planning and development by constraining and directing urban land use for human habitat improvement. The guiding principles of urban EI conservation and construction, the paper argues, are integrity and systematization. More specifically, (1) ecological planning should proceed urban planning, and thus, primary ecological lands could be preserved as the priority, and the ecological network composed by them should be permanently maintained without being adversely impacted from urban expansion and development, (2) public participation should be encouraged particularly at community level for both design and local construction of EI.

Key words: Three Gorges Area, Ground cover, Moss, Litter, Water storage characteristics