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生态学杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 1316-1322.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202306.013

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

贵州喀斯特地区不同海拔常见树种枯落物分解及养分释放特征

李媛媛1,任少华1,黄宗胜2,龙世林1,范传华3,刘海燕1*


  

  1. 1贵州省植物园, 贵阳 550005; 2贵州大学建筑与城市规划学院, 贵阳 550025; 3黔东南州气象局, 贵州凯里 556000)

  • 出版日期:2023-06-10 发布日期:2023-06-05

Characteristics of litter decomposition and nutrient release of common tree species at different altitudes in Guizhou karst region.

LI Yuanyuan1, REN Shaohua1, HUANG Zongsheng2, LONG Shilin1, FAN Chuanhua3, LIU Haiyan1*   

  1. (1Guizhou Botanical Garden, Guiyang 550005, China; 2Building and Urban Planning College of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; 3Qiandongnan State Meteorological Bureau, Kaili 556000, Guizhou, China).

  • Online:2023-06-10 Published:2023-06-05

摘要: 为了解贵州喀斯特地区不同海拔常见树种枯落物分解及养分释放特征,在海拔600~700和1300~1400 m两个区域,选择柏木(Cupressus funebris)、猴樟(Cinnamomum bodinieri)、马桑(Coriaria nepalensis)、圆果化香(Platycarya longipes)4种树种枯落物为对象,采用分解网袋法,研究各树种枯落物质量损失率及N、P、K含量在一年中的变化。结果表明:4种树种枯落物质量损失率在同时间段表现出海拔600~700 m处大于海拔1300~1400 m处,枯落物分解模型表明,各树种在海拔600~700 m处的t0.5t0.95均比海拔1300~1400 m处要小,分解常数(k)则相反。不同生活型树种枯落物分解速率大小为落叶树种>常绿阔叶树种>针叶树种。在枯落物分解过程中,N、P、K含量除个别树种(如柏木)和个别养分释放时间段外,各树种养分释放总体表现为海拔600~700 m处大于海拔1300~1400 m处。养分释放主要呈释放累积或平衡等变化特征,各养分年释放率在32.90%~48.83%。养分含量变化与不同海拔区域水热因子关系密切。研究结果为贵州喀斯特地区林分改造提供参考依据。


关键词: 枯落物分解, 养分, 海拔, 喀斯特地区

Abstract: To understand the characteristics of litter decomposition and nutrient release of common tree species at different altitudes in Guizhou karst region, we selected Cupressus funebris, Cinnamomum bodinieri, Coriaria nepalensis, and Platycarya longipes as the research objects at two altitudes of 600-700 m and 1300-1400 m. The litterbag method was used to study litter mass loss rates and the changes of N, P, and K contents of litter of various tree species in one year. The results showed that the litter mass loss rates of the four tree species at 600-700 m were higher than those at 1300-1400 m. Results of litter decomposition model showed that the values of t0.5 (the time required for 50% mass loss) and t0.95 (the time required for 95% mass loss) of litter of each tree species at 600-700 m were smaller than those at 1300-1400 m, but an opposite pattern of decomposition rate constants (k). Litter decomposition rate of different life-form tree species ranked as deciduous tree species > evergreen broad-leaved tree species > coniferous tree species. During litter decomposition, except for species Cupressus funebris and several nutrient release time periods, the N, P and K releases of litter of each species were generally greater at 600-700 m than those at 1300-1400 m. The nutrient release was mainly characterized by release-accumulation or balance and the annual release rate of each nutrient was 32.90%-48.83%. The changes of nutrient contents were closely related to hydrothermal factors at different altitudes. Our results provided a reference basis for forest stand improvement in Guizhou karst region.


Key words: litter decomposition, nutrient, altitude, karst region.