长江靖江段沿岸刀鲚的生长、死亡参数及种群补充

生态学杂志

长江靖江段沿岸刀鲚的生长、死亡参数及种群补充

郭弘艺¹,刘东¹,张旭光¹,唐文乔^1,2*,李辉华¹,沈林宏³,张亚^1#br#

(¹上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心，上海 201306; ²海洋动物系统分类与进化上海高校重点实验室，上海 201306; ^3江苏省靖江市渔政管理站, 江苏靖江 214500)

出版日期:2017-10-10 发布日期:2017-10-10

Growth, mortality and recruitment pattern of Coilia nasus at Jingjiang section of the Yangtze River.

GUO Hong-yi¹, LIU Dong¹, ZHANG Xu-guang¹, TANG Wen-qiao^1,2*, LI Hui-hua¹, SHEN Lin-hong³, ZHANG Ya^1#br#

(¹National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; ^2Shanghai Universities Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Taxonomy and Evolution, Shanghai 201306, China; ³Administration of Fishery of Jingjiang， Jingjiang 214500， Jiangsu, China).

Online:2017-10-10 Published:2017-10-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

刀鲚(Coilia nasus)是长江中下游最重要的经济鱼类之一。根据2003年1月—2004年12月、2008年1月—2009年12月、2012年1月—2013年12月3个调查期长江靖江段沿岸定置张网捕捞数据，运用FiSAT II软件对刀鲚种群参数进行估算。结果表明：3个研究期靖江沿岸带刀鲚体长(L, mm)与体质量(W, g)幂函数关系分别为：W_2003-2004=2.72×10^-6L_3.030(r=0.974, n=218)，W_2008-2009=3.75×10^-6L_2.961(r=0.925,n=823)，W_2012-2013=2.27×10^-6L_3.061W_2012-2013=2.27×10^-6L_3.061(r=0.936,n=837)。本研究3个研究期中von Bertalanffy生长方程描述的刀鲚群体的生长参数K、t₀和t_i均较为接近，沿岸带刀鲚群体以当年孵化的幼体为主要组成成分，表现为生长速度较快(K=0.54～0.56 a^-1)、拐点年龄较小(t_i=1.49～1.54 a)的生长特征。年际比较显示，近年来靖江沿岸带刀鲚的捕捞死亡系数和开发率较早年均有所下降。但根据Beverton-Holt动态综合模型显示，靖江段沿岸刀鲚仍处于过度开发状态。种群补充模式表明，每年4—9月为沿岸带刀鲚的主要补充期。为了有效保护珍贵的刀鲚幼鱼资源，建议将沿岸水域禁渔期延长至9月(即4—9月)，以实现刀鲚资源的恢复和可持续发展。

关键词: Sanger测序, 高通量测序, 18S rDNA, 克隆文库, 大亚湾

Abstract: Coilia nasus (Japanese grenadier anchovy) is a commercially important fishery resource in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. A total of 1878 C. nasus were caught by a stow net from coastal waters at Jingjiang section of the Yangtze River during three periods of January 2003 to December 2004, January 2008 to December 2009, and January 2012 to December 2013. The present study aimed to determine the growth and population parameters of C. nasus at Jingjiang section of the Yangtze River. Based on length frequency data collected from the surveys, growth, mortality and recruitment pattern of C. nasus were estimated by utilizing FiSAT II software developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The body length (L) distribution of C. nasus ranged from 34.7-258.0 mm, and the weight (W) distribution from 0.11-71.50 g. Growth equations were calculated as W=2.72×10^-6L_3.030 (r=0.974, n=218) for 2003-2004, W=3.75×10^-6L_2.961(r=0.925, n=823) for 2008-2009 and W=2.27×10^-6L_3.061 (r=0.936, n=837) for 2012-2013. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters were L_∞=282.5 mm, K=0.56 year^-1, t₀=-0.49 years, t_i=1.49 years for 2003-2004, L_∞=295.0 mm, K=0.54 year^-1, t₀=-0.50 years, t_i=1.51 years for 2008-2009, and L_∞=296.0 mm, K=0.55 year^-1, t₀=-0.49 years, t_i=1.54 years for 2012-2013. These results indicated that growth parameters were quite close among three survey periods, and C. nasus population along the coast water collected at the Jingjiang section of the Yangtze River was mainly comprised of larvae and juveniles with rapid growth rate and young inflection point age. Our results also showed that the estimated fishing mortality (F) and exploitation rate (E) were lower in 2012-2013 than in 2003-2004. However, the analysis of the BevertonHolt dynamic model suggested that C. nasus at the Jingjiang section of the Yangtze River was still overexploited. The recruitment pattern was continuous, displaying a major recruitment period from April to September annually. In order to effectively protect C. nasus population along the coastal water, longerterm fishing ban (from April to September) in the coastal region might acquire better protective effects.

Key words: cloning library, Daya Bay, high-throughput sequencing, Sanger sequencing, 18S rDNA.

郭弘艺1,刘东1,张旭光1,唐文乔1,2*,李辉华1,沈林宏3,张亚1. 长江靖江段沿岸刀鲚的生长、死亡参数及种群补充[J]. 生态学杂志.

GUO Hong-yi1, LIU Dong1, ZHANG Xu-guang1, TANG Wen-qiao1,2*, LI Hui-hua1, SHEN Lin-hong3, ZHANG Ya1. Growth, mortality and recruitment pattern of Coilia nasus at Jingjiang section of the Yangtze River.[J]. cje.

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