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生态学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 950-958.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202104.020

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

宁武老师傅海湿地植物物种多样性及其与环境因子的关系

李静1,王恒2,胡杰3,翟毕娇3,任香凝3,王春玲3*   

  1. (1山西农业大学林学院, 山西太谷 030801; 2吉林省长春市电力设计院, 长春 130021;3山西农业大学城乡建设学院, 山西太谷 030801)
  • 出版日期:2021-04-10 发布日期:2021-04-07

Plant species diversity and its relationship with environmental factors in Laoshifuhai wetland of Ningwu, Shanxi.

LI Jing1, WANG Heng2, HU Jie3, ZHAI Bi-jiao3, REN Xiang-ning3, WANG Chun-ling3*   

  1. (1College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China; 2Changchun Electric Power Design Institute, Changchun 130021, China; 3College of Urban and Rural Construction, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China).
  • Online:2021-04-10 Published:2021-04-07

摘要: 老师傅海湿地是山西省现存的高山湖泊之一,了解其植物物种组成、多样性及其与环境因子的关系是深入研究湿地群落的基础和前提。本研究以老师傅海湿地28块1 m×1 m的样地数据为依据,分析了该地区植被的物种组成。运用聚类分析、排序分析及多样性指数,探讨该湿地群丛的分类、特征、物种多样性以及植物群落与环境的生态关系。结果表明:老师傅海植物群落可划分为葇茎蓼+荸荠群丛、杉叶藻+荇菜群丛、杉叶藻+水蓼群丛、杉叶藻+水葱群丛和水蓼+荇菜群丛5个群丛,其中葇茎蓼+荸荠群丛的Simpson多样性指数最高,均匀度指数最低,而水蓼+荇菜群丛与之相反。DCA排序结果与聚类结果吻合且第一轴解释量最大(53.29%),反映出群丛水位由低到高的变化趋势。PCA排序结果显示,化学需氧量和水位是影响植物群落分布的关键环境因子。研究结果可为老师傅海天然湿地生态系统的保护和修复提供科学依据。

关键词: 植物群落, 环境因子, 生态关系, 多样性

Abstract: Laoshifuhai wetland is one of the alpine lakes in Shanxi Province. Understanding plant species composition, diversity, and their relationships with environmental factors is the prerequisite for indepth study of wetland communities. Based on the data of 28 plots (with a size of 1 m×1 m) of Laoshifuhai wetland, we analyzed species composition of plant communities in this area. We used cluster analysis, ordination analysis and diversity indices to explore the classification, characteristics and species diversity of wetland associations, as well as the relationship between plant community and environmental factors. The plant community in Laoshifuhai wetland could be classified into Polygonum tenellum+Heleocharis dulcis association, Hippuris vulgaris+Nymphoides peltatum association, Hippuris vulgaris+Polygonum hydropiper association,Hippuris vulgaris+Scirpus validus association and Polygonum hydropiper+Nymphoides peltatum association. Ass.Polygonum tenellum+Heleocharis dulcis had the highest Simpson diversity and the lowest evenness, while the Ass. Polygonum hydropiper+Nymphoides peltatum had the lowest Simpson diversitybut the highest evenness. The results of DCA ordination were consistent with the clustering results, with the first axis interpretation being the largest (53.29%), which reflected the change trend of plant associations’ water level from low to high. The PCA results showed that chemical oxygen demand  and water depth were the key environmental factors affecting the distribution of plant communities. Our results can provide scientific basis for the protection and restoration of Laoshifuhai wetlands.

Key words: plant community, environmental factor, ecological relationship, diversity.