Abstract: The priority area assessment can determine the prioritization object through limited resources, so as to minimize biodiversity loss. Here, 831 key species in southwest of China were chosen as indicator species, to analyze spatial distribution patterns by using mechanism habitat model. Based on systematic conservation planning theory, the MARXAN tool was applied to identity the priority areas of southwest China. The results showed that the area of protection priority area is 89.88×10⁴ km², accounting for 37% of the research area. All species except birds in the prior conservation zone have a habitat area higher than 50% of their respective habitat area. 94% of the indicator species have a more than 60% of their respective habitat area. The GAP analysis indicates that the priority areas don’t match the distribution of national nature reserve in space. We suggest that current nature reserves should be expanded. A new nature conservation system should be properly established with the help of policies such as the construction of national parks.

Key words: heat stress, spatiotemporal distribution, double-early rice, dynamic indicator