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Potential impact of forest fire on soil and water heavy metal concentrations: A review.

ZHU Wen-zhou1, WANG Jun-jian2, ZENG Hui1*#br#   

  1. (1Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Circular Economy, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China; 2Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada).
  • Online:2017-09-10 Published:2017-09-10

Abstract: Forest fire is the free spread fire in woodland ecosystems, and it is one kind of common disturbance of ecosystem. Forest fire can potentially release considerable amounts of metals in vegetation and soils through litter layer consumption, vegetation burning, soil organic matter decomposition, and changing the clay minerals, which can potentially impact the heavy metal concentrations in soils and water. Most of previous studies showed that, after the fire, the concentrations of Mn, Cr, Ni, and Pb in soils were increased in short term to various degrees. With increasing time after fire, most of the metal concentrations recovered to the background level eventually; however, it took various time lengths for different metal species. After fire, most of the metals existed in the forms of oxidized and organic bound fractions in soils. As two indicators for soil burn severity, soil pH and electric conductivity correlated with soil metal concentrations in some studies but not for all. Most of the heavy metal concentrations in water increased significantly after fire, indicating that forest fire had potential ecological risks to water body. Future studies should focus on the laboratory and field controlled experiments to reveal the mechanisms of fire effects on heavy metal concentrations in soils and water, providing more data to support forest management and emergency response of disasters.

Key words: crown leaf area, branch leaf area, mixed-effects, empirical best linear unbiased prediction., Larix olgensis