Abstract: Global biodiversity is in crisis due to climate change and increased human activities. Artificial intelligence (AI), as an emerging technology, has shown great potential in wildlife conservation. We review the progress of the application of AI in wildlife conservation, including the latest application progress in basic research of wildlife conservation, human-wildlife conflict mitigation and risk prevention, combating wildlife crime, and wildlife conservation outreach and public awareness. AI technology has powerful data processing, pattern (image, voiceprint) recognition and modeling prediction capabilities. The application of AI has significantly improved the efficiency and accuracy of wildlife conservation work. However, the application of AI in wildlife conservation still faces some challenges, including low data quality, high equipment cost, poor model adaptability across ecosystems, and ethical disputes.

Key words: artificial intelligence, wildlife conservation, population monitoring, habitat management, human-wildlife conflict