Abstract: From the sight points of atmosphere,lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere,this paper studied the relations between environmental iedine and iodine nutrition of livestock and poultry,The re-sults show that there is a significant correlation hatween the distribution and content of iodine in soil and the iodine nutrition of livestock and poultry.Iodine deficiency of animal is mainly caused by the lack of soil iodine.The content of iodine in water can reflect the iodine uptake of animals.The content of iodine in urine of livestocks can be used to evaluate the metabolic condition of io-dine in their body.

Key words: fish-macrophyte relationship, small fish, population structure, relative abundance, shallow lake along Yangtze River, Niushan Lake.