Abstract: The rapid urbanization and human activities have huge impacts on land use change and ecological environment in Hunan Province. Based on land use data in four phases of 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015, we used the equivalent factor method and multi-index model to calculate the ecosystem service supply and demand caused by land use change and then examined the characteristics of temporal and spatial evolution. The results showed that forestland and farmland were the dominant land use types in Hunan Province. During the study period, land use pattern changed significantly. Farmland area decreased the most (by 1165 km²), the construction land area increased the most (by 1611 km²),  thus resulting in a land use characteristics of changing from farmland to construction land and forestland. The supply of ecosystem services in Hunan increased by 9.20% from 1.83×10¹⁰ yuan in 2000 to 1.99×10¹⁰ yuan in 2015. The demand index of ecosystem services rose by 45.87% from 365480 in 2000 to 533130 in 2015. The spatial distribution of ecosystem service supply and demand in Hunan was unbalanced. The contradiction between supply and demand of ecosystem services was more prominent in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration, the junction of Changde City and Yiyang City, and Hengyang City in southern Hunan. Our results can provide theoretical reference for the coordinated and sustainable development of regional economy and ecological environment in Hunan Province.

Key words: land use, ecosystem services, supply and demand model, pattern of evolution, Hunan Province.