基于SA-RSEI模型的西北地区生态环境质量时空变化及驱动因素

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202511.021

生态学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (11): 3852-3863.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202511.021

基于SA-RSEI模型的西北地区生态环境质量时空变化及驱动因素

王恒恒¹,王佳蓉²,侯嘉烨¹,常文静¹,王兆一¹,何杰^1*

（¹宁夏大学地理科学与规划学院，银川 750021; ²宁夏回族自治区遥感调查院，银川 750021）

出版日期:2025-11-10 发布日期:2025-11-14

Spatiotemporal variations and driving factors of ecological environment quality in the Northwest China based on SA-RSEI model.

WANG Hengheng¹, WANG Jiarong², HOU Jiaye¹, CHANG Wenjing¹, WANG Zhaoyi¹, HE Jie^1*

(¹School of Geographic Science and Planning, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; ²Remote Sensing Survey Institute of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750021, China).

Online:2025-11-10 Published:2025-11-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 西北地区是我国重要的生态屏障，明晰其生态环境发展趋势和驱动因素对于区域生态环境保护及构建高质量发展新格局具有重要意义。研究基于2000—2021年MODIS影像，使用沙度指数和盐渍化指数构建改进型遥感生态指数（SA-RSEI），结合Sen+Mann-Kendall分析我国西北地区生态环境质量时空变化格局及变化趋势，并利用地理探测器量化遥感生态因子和自然社会因子对SA-RSEI时空分异的影响。结果表明：2000—2021年西北地区SA-RSEI呈现上升趋势，2000—2005年和2015—2019年涨幅较大，分别为15.95%和23.94%；西北地区生态环境质量以差和较差为主，常年占区域总面积70%以上，优良区域集中于东部和南部区域，呈现“东好西差”的空间格局；2000—2021年间西北地区的生态环境质量呈现明显改善和轻微改善区域分别为32.01%和38.65%，生态环境质量呈现退化区域的面积较小，明显退化区域主要集中于伊犁河谷两侧和关中平原地区；驱动因子中，沙度指数和降水对SA-RSEI有最强解释力，以土地利用类型和人口密度为代表的社会因子对SA-RSEI影响力逐年增强，不同因子的交互作用对SA-RSEI的解释力强于单因子探测结果。研究结果可为西北地区生态环境保护与治理提供参考。

关键词: 西北地区, 改进遥感生态指数, 生态环境质量, 地理探测器

Abstract: Northwest China is an important ecological barrier in China. Clarifying the development trends and driving factors of its ecological environment is of great significance for the protection of the regional ecological environment and the construction of a new pattern of high-quality development. Based on MODIS imagery from 2000 to 2021, we used the sandification index (DI) and salinization index (SI) to construct an improved remote sensing ecological index (SA-RSEI). The Sen+Mann-Kendall analysis was employed to investigate the spatiotemporal variations of ecological environment quality in Northwest China. We further employed the Geodetector to quantify the impacts of remote sensing ecological factors and natural-social factors on the spatial and temporal differentiation of SA-RSEI. From 2000 to 2021, the SA-RSEI in Northwest China showed an upward trend, with significant increases of 15.95% and 23.94% during 2000-2005 and 2015-2019, respectively. The ecological environment quality was predominantly poor or relatively poor, accounting for more than 70% of the total area of Northwest China. The areas of good or excellent quality were concentrated in the eastern and southern regions, exhibiting a spatial pattern of “better in the east, worse in the west”. Between 2000 and 2021, areas showing obvious improvement and slight improvement in ecological environment quality in Northwest China accounted for 32.01% and 38.65%, respectively. The area showing degradation in ecological environment quality was relatively small, with obvious degradation mainly concentrated on both sides of Ili River Valley and in Guanzhong Plain. Among the driving factors, the sandification index and precipitation had the strongest explanatory power for the SA-RSEI. Social factors represented by land use type and population density had an annually increasing impact on the SA-RSEI. The interaction of different factors had a stronger explanatory power for the SA-RSEI than the single factors. This study provided valuable insights for ecological protection and management in Northwest China.

Key words: Northwest China, improved remote sensing ecological index, ecological environmental quality, Geodetector

王恒恒, 王佳蓉, 侯嘉烨, 常文静, 王兆一, 何杰. 基于SA-RSEI模型的西北地区生态环境质量时空变化及驱动因素[J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(11): 3852-3863.

WANG Hengheng, WANG Jiarong, HOU Jiaye, CHANG Wenjing, WANG Zhaoyi, HE Jie. Spatiotemporal variations and driving factors of ecological environment quality in the Northwest China based on SA-RSEI model.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2025, 44(11): 3852-3863.

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基于SA-RSEI模型的西北地区生态环境质量时空变化及驱动因素

Spatiotemporal variations and driving factors of ecological environment quality in the Northwest China based on SA-RSEI model.

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