近50年四川盆区再生稻气候适宜区时空分布特征

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202505.015

生态学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 1653-1661.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202505.015

近50年四川盆区再生稻气候适宜区时空分布特征

郭翔^1,2,胡蓉³,李旭毅^2,4*

（¹四川省农业气象中心，成都 610071； ²南方丘区节水农业研究四川省重点实验室，成都 610066； ³四川省种子站，成都 610041； ⁴四川省农业科学院作物研究所，成都 610066）

出版日期:2025-06-10 发布日期:2025-05-14

Temporal and spatial distribution of climate suitable areas of ratoon rice in Sichuan Basin over the recent 50 years.

GUO Xiang^1,2, HU Rong³, LI Xuyi^2,4*

(¹Sichuan Province Agro-meteorological Center, Chengdu 610071, China; ²Water-Saving Agriculture in Southern Hill Area Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610066, China; ³Sichuan Provincial Seed Station, Chengdu 610041, China; ⁴Crop Research Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China).

Online:2025-06-10 Published:2025-05-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究1971—2020年四川盆区再生稻气候适宜区时空变化特征，为四川水稻生产和应对气候变化提供理论参考。根据种植制度将四川盆区分为5个水稻种植区，基于研究区内106个气象台站1971—2020年的逐日气象资料，利用再生稻安全生长季积温和长度，将四川盆区再生稻种植分为气候不适宜区、气候次适宜区和气候适宜区，分析5个水稻种植区的再生稻气候资源和变化趋势，以及再生稻气候适宜区的分布特征和演变。结果表明：近50年四川盆区再生稻安全生长季整体呈延长趋势，安全生长季活动积温呈增加趋势，且盆西平原农区生长季延长幅度和活动积温增加幅度均为最大。纬度北移1°，安全生长季长度缩短2～7 d，活动积温减少73～170 ℃·d，海拔升高100 m，安全生长季长度缩短2～6 d，活动积温减少105～187 ℃·d^-1。综上，四川盆区再生稻气候次适宜-适宜区范围呈显著扩大趋势，由南向北、自东到西扩展。合理调整种植制度、选育适宜品种是各水稻种植区提高水稻生长季气候资源利用率、从而提高水稻单产和品质的主要措施。

关键词: 再生稻, 安全生长季, 气候适宜性, 气候倾向率, 四川盆区

Abstract: We investigated the temporal and spatial variations of climate suitable areas of ratoon rice in Sichuan Basin during 1971 to 2020, aiming to provide a theoretical reference for rice production and coping with climate change in Sichuan. According to the cropping system, the Sichuan Basin could be divided into five rice-planting areas. Based on the daily meteorological data of 106 weather stations from 1971 to 2020, the active accumulated temperature and the duration of safe growing season for ratoon rice were calculated. Subsequently, the Sichuan Basin was divided into climate unsuitable area, climate sub-suitable area, and climate suitable area. Finally, we analyzed the climatic resources and change trend of the five rice-planting areas, as well as the distribution characteristics and evolution trends of the ratoon rice climate suitable areas. The results showed that the safe growing season of ratoon rice in the Sichuan Basin displayed a prolonged trend over the recent 50 years. The active accumulated temperature of safe growing season also increased, with the extension of growing season and the increase of active accumulated temperature being the largest in the agricultural area of the western basin plain. If the latitude shifts northward by 1°, the duration of safe growing season will shorten by 2-7 d and the active accumulated temperature of safe growing season will decrease by 73-170 ℃·d. With an increase of 100 m in altitude, the duration of safe growing season will shorten by 2-6 d and the active accumulated temperature of safe growing season will decrease by 105-187 ℃·d. In summary, the ranges of climate suitable and sub-suitable areas of ratoon rice showed expansion trends in Sichuan Basin, which are manifested in the expansion from south to north and from east to west. Reasonable adjustment of planting system and selection of suitable cultivars are the main measures to improve the utilization rate of climatic resources in rice growing season and enhance the yield and quality of rice in the five rice-planting areas.

Key words: ratoon rice, safe growing season, climate suitability, climate tendency rate, Sichuan Basin

郭翔, 胡蓉, 李旭毅. 近50年四川盆区再生稻气候适宜区时空分布特征[J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(5): 1653-1661.

GUO Xiang, HU Rong, LI Xuyi. Temporal and spatial distribution of climate suitable areas of ratoon rice in Sichuan Basin over the recent 50 years.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2025, 44(5): 1653-1661.

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近50年四川盆区再生稻气候适宜区时空分布特征

Temporal and spatial distribution of climate suitable areas of ratoon rice in Sichuan Basin over the recent 50 years.

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