化肥减量配施不同有机肥的植烟土壤-微生物碳氮磷生态化学计量特征

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202407.010

生态学杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (7): 2150-2157.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202407.010

化肥减量配施不同有机肥的植烟土壤-微生物碳氮磷生态化学计量特征

余顺平^1,3,熊于斌¹,杨娅²,俞海冰¹,胡良松²,黄琳²,汤利^1,4*

（¹云南农业大学资源与环境学院，昆明 650201； ²云南农业大学烟草学院，昆明 650201； ³玉溪市农业科学院，云南玉溪 653100； ⁴农业农村部云南耕地保育科学观测实验站，昆明 650201）

出版日期:2024-08-10 发布日期:2024-07-08

Ecological stoichiometry of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in tobacco-planting soils and microbes in response to reduced chemical fertilizer application combined with different organic fertilizers.

YU Shunping^1,3, XIONG Yubin¹, YANG Ya², YU Haibing¹, HU Liangsong², HUANG Lin², TANG Li^1,4*

(¹College of Resource and Environmental Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; ²College of Tobacco Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; ³Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuxi 653100, Yunnan, China; ⁴Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation (Yunnan), Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming 650201, China).

Online:2024-08-10 Published:2024-07-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探明化肥减量合理配施不同有机肥的土壤微生物生物量碳氮磷及其生态化学计量特征，明确农田生态系统生产力与养分供应之间的平衡效应，对促进云南高原特色农业产业的高效绿色发展具有重要意义。本研究以连续9年的植烟土壤为对象，进行长期定位施肥试验。试验设不施肥（CK）、当地常规推荐施肥（100%化肥，CF₁）、化肥减量20%（CF₂）、化肥减量20%配施有机肥（OF）和化肥减量20%配施生物有机肥（BF）处理。分析比较植烟土壤微生物生物量碳氮磷及生态化学计量比，探讨其化学计量内稳性指数。结果表明，与常规推荐施肥处理相比（CF₁），化肥减量20%配施有机肥处理（OF）和配施生物有机肥处理（BF）均显著提高土壤碳氮磷含量及微生物生物量碳氮磷，且土壤C∶N、C∶P、N∶P和微生物生物量C∶N、C∶P、N∶P呈降低趋势。回归分析表明，微生物生物量C、N、P、C∶N和N∶P的内稳性指数1/H均≥0.75，具有敏感型特征。冗余分析表明，植烟土壤微生物生物量C、N、P与土壤C、N、P含量呈显著或极显著正相关，微生物生物量C∶N、C∶P与土壤C、N、P含量呈极显著或显著负相关，表明化肥减量配施不同有机肥对植烟土壤C、N、P的改变直接导致微生物生物量C、N、P化学计量比的改变。综上所述，连续化肥减量20%配施不同有机肥能不同程度提高植烟土壤养分含量，对于维持土壤碳氮磷及微生物生物量碳氮磷化学计量平衡、提高土壤肥力具有重要作用。

关键词: 植烟土壤, 化肥减量, 微生物生物量, 生态化学计量比, 内稳性

Abstract: It is of great significance to explore carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stoichiometry of soil microbial biomass under reduced fertilizer application combined with reasonable application of different organic fertilizers, and to clarify the balance between productivity and nutrient supply of croplands for efficient and green development of characteristic agricultural industry in Yunnan Plateau. We conducted a long-term fertilization experiment with tobacco-planted soils for nine consecutive years. There were five treatments, including no fertilizer (CK), local conventional recommended fertilizer (100% chemical fertilizer, CF₁), chemical fertilizer reduced by 20% (CF₂), chemical fertilizer reduced by 20% with organic fertilizer (OF), and with bio-organic fertilizer (BF). We analyzed the concentrations and stoichiometry of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in microbial biomass of tobacco planting soil, and calculated the homeostasis index. The results showed that compared with treatment CF₁, treatments OF and BF significantly increased carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents in soil and microbial biomass, and decreased C∶N, C∶P and N∶P ratios in soil and microbial biomass. The internal stability indices (1/H) of microbial biomass C, N, P, C∶N, and N∶P were all greater than or equal to 0.75, indicating sensitive characteristics. The redundancy analysis showed positive correlations between microbial biomass C, N, and P and soil C, N, and P contents, and negative correlations between microbial biomass C∶N and C∶P ratio and soil C, N, and P contents, indicating that the changes of C, N, and P contents in tobacco planting soil induced by fertilizer reduction with different organic fertilizers directly led to the changes of stoichiometric ratios in microbial biomass. In conclusion, continuous applications of chemical fertilizer reduction of 20% with different organic fertilizers can improve nutrient contents of planted tobacco soils, which plays an important role in maintaining stoichiometric balance of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in soil and microbial biomass and improving soil fertility.

Key words: tobacco planting soil, chemical fertilizer reduction, microbial biomass, ecological stoichiometric ratio, homeostasis

余顺平, 熊于斌, 杨娅, 俞海冰, 胡良松, 黄琳, 汤利. 化肥减量配施不同有机肥的植烟土壤-微生物碳氮磷生态化学计量特征[J]. 生态学杂志, 2024, 43(7): 2150-2157.

YU Shunping, XIONG Yubin, YANG Ya, YU Haibing, HU Liangsong, HUANG Lin, TANG Li. Ecological stoichiometry of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in tobacco-planting soils and microbes in response to reduced chemical fertilizer application combined with different organic fertilizers.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2024, 43(7): 2150-2157.

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化肥减量配施不同有机肥的植烟土壤-微生物碳氮磷生态化学计量特征

Ecological stoichiometry of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in tobacco-planting soils and microbes in response to reduced chemical fertilizer application combined with different organic fertilizers.

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