华北落叶松人工林不同林隙径高比下冠层特征及其对幼苗幼树生长的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202407.042

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确关帝山华北落叶松人工林林隙径高比现状，探究不同等级林隙径高比的冠层结构、光照因子及其对林隙下更新的幼苗幼树生长的影响，本研究划分I（0.1～0.4）、II（0.4～0.7）、III（0.7～1.0）、IV（1.0～1.3）和V（1.3～1.6）5个林隙等级，分析不同林隙等级下冠层结构和光照因子的变化规律、冠层结构与光照因子之间的相关性、对幼苗幼树更新密度和生长指标的影响以及冠层结构和光照因子对幼苗幼树的相关性。结果表明：华北落叶松林隙径高比结构范围大致分布在0.17～1.52，在0.4～0.7范围内林隙数量最多；林冠开阔度（CO）、直接辐射（T_tdr）、散射辐射（T_tdf）和总辐射（T_tot）随林隙径高比等级的增大呈现逐渐升高的趋势，而叶面积指数（LAI）随林隙等级增大呈现逐渐下降的趋势，在相同径高比等级下服从总辐射＞散射辐射＞直接辐射的规律；华北落叶松幼苗在I级生长指标最大（平均地径为2.40 cm、平均高为2.69 m），幼树在林内（CK）时生长指标最大（平均地径为4.15 cm、平均树高为5.04 m），在V级时次之（平均地径为3.41 cm、平均高为3.34 m）；云杉幼苗幼树在IV级生长指标最大（幼苗平均地径为1.31 cm、平均高为0.47 m；幼树平均地径为4.03 cm、平均高为2.89 m）。研究表明，林隙径高比结构处于V级时冠层结构及光照环境条件最好，处于I、V和IV级能够为华北落叶松林隙下幼苗幼树的建立营造良好的生存环境。

关键词: 林隙径高比, 冠层结构, 林下光环境, 幼苗幼树生长

Abstract: We examined the status of gap diameter/height ratio (D_EG/H) of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantations in Guandi Mountain, and explored the canopy structure and light factors of D_EG/H of different grades and their effects on the growth of seedlings and saplings regenerated under gaps. We classified gap size into five grades based on D_EG/H: I (0.1-0.4), II (0.4-0.7), III (0.7-1.0), IV (1.0-1.3), V (1.3-1.6). We analyzed the changes in canopy structure and light factors under different gap grades, the correlation between canopy structure and light factors, the impacts of gap size on regeneration density and growth indicators of seedlings and saplings, and the correlation between canopy structure and light factors and seedlings and saplings. The D_EG/H values of L. principis-rupprechtii plantation were roughly distributed between 0.17 and 1.52, with the highest number of gaps within the range of 0.4-0.7. Canopy opening (CO), direct radiation (T_tdr), scattered radiation (T_tdf), and total radiation (T_tot) showed a trend of gradually increasing with gap sizes, while leaf area index (LAI) exhibited a trend of gradually decreasing, with a pattern of T_tot>T_tdf >T_tdr under the same gap sizes. The growth indicators of L. principis-rupprechtii seedlings at grade I were the largest (average ground diameter of 2.40 cm, average height of 2.69 m), while those of saplings within the forest (CK) were the highest (average ground diameter of 4.15 cm, average tree height of 5.04 m), followed by grade V (with an average diameter of 3.41 cm and an average height of 3.34 m). The growth indicators of Picea asperata seedlings and saplings were the highest at grade IV (the average ground diameter of seedlings was 1.31 cm and an average height of 0.47 m; the average ground diameter of saplings was 4.03 cm and an average height of 2.89 m). Our results indicate that canopy structure and light environment conditions are the best when the ratio of gap diameter to height is at grade V, and the conditions at grades I, V, and IV can provide an optimum living environment for the establishment of seedlings and saplings in the gaps of L. principis-rupprechtii forests.

Key words: gap diameter/height ratio, canopy structure, understory light environment, the growth of seedlings and saplings

张宇, 冯泳翰, 赵怡, 闫珏, 朱景康, 常晨隆, 梁文俊, 魏曦. 华北落叶松人工林不同林隙径高比下冠层特征及其对幼苗幼树生长的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2024, 43(7): 2046-2054.

ZHANG Yu, FENG Yonghan, ZHAO Yi, YAN Jue, ZHU Jingkang, CHANG Chenlong, LIANG Wenjun, WEI Xi. Canopy characteristics under different gap diameter/height ratios of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantations and their effects on the growth of seedlings and saplings.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2024, 43(7): 2046-2054.

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华北落叶松人工林不同林隙径高比下冠层特征及其对幼苗幼树生长的影响

Canopy characteristics under different gap diameter/height ratios of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantations and their effects on the growth of seedlings and saplings.

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