欢迎访问《生态学杂志》官方网站,今天是 分享到:

生态学杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (8): 1993-2002.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202308.001

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国30年边坡绿化技术专利发展

杨雨荷1,廖克武2,3,麻坚4,吕庆2,5*,徐慧1,徐礼根1,3*


  

  1. 1浙江大学农业与生物技术学院, 杭州 310058; 2浙江大学平衡建筑研究中心, 杭州 310012; 3浙江大学建筑设计研究院有限公司, 杭州 310012; 4金华电力设计院有限公司, 浙江金华 321016; 5浙江大学建筑工程学院, 杭州 310058)

  • 出版日期:2023-08-10 发布日期:2023-07-27

Review on the development of slope greening technology patents for  30 years in China.

YANG Yuhe1, LIAO Kewu2,3, MA Jian4, Lv Qing2,5*, XU Hui1, XU Ligen1,3*#br#

#br#
  

  1. (1College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; 2Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China; 3The Architectural Design & Research Institute of Zhejiang University Co. Ltd., Hangzhou 310012, China; 4Jinhua Electric Power Design Institute, Jinhua 321016, Zhejiang, China; 5College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China).

  • Online:2023-08-10 Published:2023-07-27

摘要: 基于专利视角探讨了中国30年边坡绿化技术的发展概况。检索1991—2020年国内申请并公开的边坡绿化领域专利,获得专利数量、类型、申请时间、申请人等数据;按照固土、建植、养护、评价和工法5个类别将专利归类统计;总结了我国边坡绿化技术的整体趋势、类别分支和关键技术。结果表明:检索到的30年内中国边坡绿化领域的专利共计2477件,其中发明专利和实用新型专利基本各占一半;2015年以来专利年申请数逐年增加,表明边坡绿化技术进入快速发展阶段;固土类、建植类、养护类、评价类和工法类专利分别有886、846、282、19和444件,占比分别为35.8%、34.2%、11.4%、0.8%和17.9%,表明固土和建植是2个边坡绿化技术研究的热点,评价方面的技术相对较少;喷播、框格、刻槽和枕袋等关键技术日趋成熟;在新型材料研发、特殊生境应用等方面还需要进一步探究。本文可为边坡绿化技术的创新和研发提供参考。


关键词: 边坡, 绿化, 植被, 专利, 综述

Abstract: We reviewed the research and development of the slope greening technology in China in recent 30 years from a perspective of patent. The number, type, application time, and applicants for patents applied and issued in field of the slope greening in China during 1991-2020 were searched. The patents were classified into five types of technologies, including soil stabilization, vegetation reconstruction, maintenance, effect evaluation, and construction method. The R&D trend, categories, and key technologies of the slope greening in China were summarized. There were totally 2477 patents in the field of slope greening in China, half of which were invention patents and half were utility model patents. The research and develop in slope greening technologies in China has entered a rapid developing period since 2015. The number of the patents was 886 for soil stabilization, 846 for revegetation, 282 for maintenance, 19 for effect evaluation, and 444 for construction method, which accounted for 35.8%, 34.2%, 11.4%, 0.8%, and 17.9%, respectively. This result indicated that soil stabilization and vegetation reconstruction were the two technology hotspots in China, and that the evaluation technology attracted relatively less attention. In addition, the four key technologies of seed spraying, framing, grooving and bag pillowing have been becoming mature. Further research is needed in development of new materials and the application of special habitats. This paper provides a reference for the innovation and R&D of slope greening technology.


Key words: slope, greening, vegetation, patent, review.