横沙东滩大型底栖动物功能群特征及其与植被因子的关系

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202508.030

生态学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (8): 2648-2658.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202508.030

横沙东滩大型底栖动物功能群特征及其与植被因子的关系

王宇彤^1,2,3,童春富^1,2,3*,王涛^1,2,3,张胜楠^1,2,3

（¹华东师范大学河口海岸全国重点实验室，上海 200241； ²崇明生态研究院，上海 200241； ³长江三角洲河口湿地生态系统教育部/上海市野外科学观测研究站，上海 200241）

出版日期:2025-08-10 发布日期:2025-08-14

Characteristics of the benthic macroinvertebrate functional groups and their relationships with vegetation factors in Hengsha Dongtan.

WANG Yutong^1,2,3, TONG Chunfu^1,2,3*, WANG Tao^1,2,3, ZHANG Shengnan^1,2,3

(¹State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; ²Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai 200241, China; ³Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education & Shanghai Science and Technology Committee, Shanghai 200241, China).

Online:2025-08-10 Published:2025-08-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以长江口横沙东滩盐沼湿地为研究区域，在现场取样分析的基础上，依据食性、摄食方式和生活型将大型底栖动物群落划分为不同功能群，分析横沙东滩大型底栖动物功能群特征及其与植被因子的关系。结果表明，腹足纲和软甲纲动物是横沙东滩优势大型底栖动物类群，优势种主要有拟沼螺（Assiminea sp.）、堇拟沼螺（Assiminea violacea）、绯拟沼螺（Assiminea latericea）、无齿螳臂相手蟹（Chiromantes dehaani）和谭氏泥蟹（Ilyoplax deschampsi）。大型底栖动物不同食性功能群、摄食方式功能群和生活型功能群的多度和生物量在不同站点存在明显差异。在食性功能群中，杂食者物种数最多，占50.00%；植食者在55%以上（5/9）的站点具有最高的相对重要性指数。在摄食方式功能群中，撕食者物种数最多，占33.33%；刮食者在44%以上（4/9）的站点具有最高的相对重要性指数。在生活型功能群中，半底内型功能群物种数最多，占50.00%；底上型功能群在66%以上（6/9）的站点具有最高的相对重要性指数。与不同功能群显著相关的植被因子存在差异。食性功能群的丰度和生物量多与植物根茎生物量、植株密度和植株高度组合中的一种或数种因子存在显著相关性（P<0.05），摄食方式功能群丰度和生物量多与植株高度存在显著相关性（P<0.05），生活型功能群生物量多与植株密度、植株高度组合存在显著相关性（P<0.05）。未来研究中，需要根据研究目标，选择适宜的功能群划分方式，开展大型底栖动物群落的分析研究。

关键词: 横沙东滩, 大型底栖动物, 功能群, 植被因子

Abstract: We analyzed the relationships between benthic macroinvertebrate communities and vegetation factors in the salt marsh of Hengsha Dongtan in the Yangtze Estuary. The benthic macroinvertebrate communities were classified into different functional groups according to their feeding habits, feeding form, and life style. The characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrate functional groups and their relationships with the vegetation factors were analyzed. Gastropoda and Malacostraca were the dominant groups. The dominant species were Assiminea sp., A. violacea, A. latericea, Chiromantes dehaani, and Ilyoplax deschampsi. The abundance and biomass of the different functional groups varied across sites. Among the feeding habit functional groups, omnivores had the greatest number of species, accounting for 50.00% of the total. Herbivores in more than 55.55% (5/9) sites had the highest relative importance index. Among the feeding form functional groups, shredders had the greatest number of species, accounting for 33.33% of the total. Scrapers in more than 44% (4/9) sites had the highest relative importance index. Among the life style functional groups, the number of species of semi-infauna was the largest, accounting for 50.00% of the total. Epifauna in more than 66% (6/9) sites had the highest relative importance index. Different vegetation factors were associated with different functional groups. The abundance and biomass of the feeding habit functional groups were significantly correlated with one or several factors in the combination of rhizome biomass, shoot density, and shoot height of plants (P<0.05). The abundance and biomass of the feeding form functional groups were significantly correlated with shoot height of vegetation (P<0.05). There were significant correlations between the biomass of life style functional group and the combinations of shoot density and height (P<0.05). In the future studies of benthic macroinvertebrate communities, it is necessary to choose the proper functional group classifications according to the research objectives.

Key words: Hengsha Dongtan, benthic macroinvertebrate, functional group, vegetation factor

王宇彤, 童春富, 王涛, 张胜楠. 横沙东滩大型底栖动物功能群特征及其与植被因子的关系[J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(8): 2648-2658.

WANG Yutong, TONG Chunfu, WANG Tao, ZHANG Shengnan. Characteristics of the benthic macroinvertebrate functional groups and their relationships with vegetation factors in Hengsha Dongtan.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2025, 44(8): 2648-2658.

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横沙东滩大型底栖动物功能群特征及其与植被因子的关系

Characteristics of the benthic macroinvertebrate functional groups and their relationships with vegetation factors in Hengsha Dongtan.

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