垄厢栽培对水稻根系特性与土壤物理性质的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202112.004

生态学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 3961-3969.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202112.004

垄厢栽培对水稻根系特性与土壤物理性质的影响

唐志伟,周文涛,王勃然,钟康裕,熊瑞,龙攀,徐莹,傅志强^*

（湖南农业大学农学院，南方粮油作物协同创新中心，农业部华中地区作物栽培科学观测实验站，长沙 410128）

出版日期:2021-12-10 发布日期:2022-05-10

Effects of ridgebed cultivation on rice root characteristics and soil physical properties.

TANG Zhi-wei, ZHOU Wen-tao, WANG bo-ran, ZHONG Kang-yu, XIONG Rui, LONG Pan, XU Ying, FU Zhi-qiang^*

(College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Observation Station of Crop Cultivation Science in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410128, China).

Online:2021-12-10 Published:2022-05-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究不同栽培方式对水稻根系特性与土壤物理性质的影响，为水稻垄作栽培技术提供依据，在湖南浏阳市开展了双季水稻大田小区试验。结果表明：相比平作栽培，垄作栽培显著提高了早稻孕穗期根总长、根体积和早稻各时期、晚稻分蘖盛期的根系伤流强度，晚稻齐穗期根总长、根表面积、根体积分别显著增加36.9%、41.1%、44.9%；厢沟栽培显著降低了早稻分蘖盛期与齐穗期的根总长、根体积，早稻各时期根表面积显著降低40.6%～44.5%，根系伤流强度在早稻齐穗期显著提高，晚稻孕穗期显著降低。相比平作栽培，垄作和厢沟栽培早稻土壤容重显著降低6.8%～10.6%，土壤总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度分别提高7.2%～10.6%、6.5%～10.4%；垄作和厢沟栽培提高了早稻土壤团聚体平均质量直径；垄作栽培、厢沟栽培分别提高了早稻、晚稻土壤中0.25～2 mm水稳性团聚体含量，分别降低了早稻、晚稻土壤中<0.053 mm水稳性团聚体含量。垄作和厢沟栽培改善了土壤物理性质，有利于提高晚稻产量；垄作栽培促进了水稻根系的生长发育，厢沟栽培阻碍了水稻根系的生长发育。

关键词: 双季稻, 垄作栽培, 厢沟栽培, 土壤容重, 土壤团聚体, 产量

Abstract: A doubleseason rice field trial was carried out in Liuyang City of Hunan to explore the effects of different cultivation methods on rice root characteristics and soil physical properties, with the aim to provide a basis for rice ridge cultivation techniques. The results showed that, compared with flat cultivation, ridge cultivation significantly increased total root length and root volume of early rice at the booting stage and root bleeding intensity at each stage of early rice and the peak tillering stage of late rice. The total length of roots, root surface area, and root volume of late rice at the full heading stage were significantly increased by 36.9%, 41.1%, and 44.9%. Furrow cultivation significantly reduced total root length and root volume of early rice at the peak tillering stage and full heading stage, and reduced root surface area at each stage of early rice by 40.6%-44.5%. Root bleeding intensity was significantly increased at the full heading stage of early rice, while significantly reduced at the booting stage of late rice. Compared with flat cultivation, soil bulk density of early rice in ridge cultivation and furrow cultivation was significantly reduced by 6.8%-10.6%, while total soil porosity and capillary porosity was increased by 7.2%-10.6% and 6.5%-10.4%, respectively. Ridge cultivation and furrow cultivation increased the average mass diameter of soil aggregates in early rice. Ridge cultivation and furrow cultivation increased the content of 0.25-2 mm water-stable aggregates in the soil of early rice and late rice, respectively, and reduced the content of water-stable aggregates of <0.053 mm in the soil of early rice and late rice, respectively. Ridge cultivation and furrow cultivation improved soil physical properties and increased yield of late rice. Ridge cultivation promoted and furrow cultivation hindered root growth and development of rice.

Key words: double-cropping rice, ridge cultivation, furrow cultivation, soil bulk density, soil aggregate, yield.

唐志伟, 周文涛, 王勃然, 钟康裕, 熊瑞, 龙攀, 徐莹, 傅志强. 垄厢栽培对水稻根系特性与土壤物理性质的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2021, 40(12): 3961-3969.

TANG Zhi-wei, ZHOU Wen-tao, WANG bo-ran, ZHONG Kang-yu, XIONG Rui, LONG Pan, XU Ying, FU Zhi-qiang. Effects of ridgebed cultivation on rice root characteristics and soil physical properties.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2021, 40(12): 3961-3969.

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垄厢栽培对水稻根系特性与土壤物理性质的影响

Effects of ridgebed cultivation on rice root characteristics and soil physical properties.

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