关键词: 氮素利用, 产量, 新型缓释肥料, 干物质积累量

Abstract: To screen a new slow-release fertilizer suitable for table corn planting in yellow soil area of Guizhou, a pot experiment was conducted to examine the effects of different new slow-release fertilizers on dry matter accumulation, biological traits, total nitrogen accumulation, photosynthetic characteristics, nitrogen use efficiency, yield and yield components of table corn, with four treatments of no N (T1), conventional fertilization (T2), coated slow-release fertilizer (T3) and stable slow-release fertilizer (T4). Results showed that both slowrelease fertilizers improved corn yield. The coated slow release fertilizer got the highest yield, reaching 65.31 g·plant^-1. In the corn harvest period, dry matter accumulation of table corn with coated slowrelease fertilizer was the highest (127.89 g·plant^-1), being significantly higher than that of another new slow release fertilizer. Plant height and stem diameter of table corn followed the sequence of stable slowrelease fertilizer > coated slowrelease fertilizer. The ear height and chlorophyll presented as coated slowrelease fertilizer > stable slowrelease fertilizer. The difference between the two slowrelease fertilizers was not significant. Except for 100kernel weight, the application of coated slowrelease fertilizer was the best for all yield components. The total nitrogen accumulation of corn gradually transferred from leaf and stem to grain along with growth period. The coated slowrelease fertilizer treatment got the highest in the harvest period, accounting for 58.2% of the whole plant. Nitrogen agronomic efficiency, partial productivity and apparent utilization rate were the highest in coated slow-release fertilizer treatment, which were 13.73 g·g^-1, 17.42 g·g^-1, and 68.49%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two new slow-release fertilizers. The application of new slowrelease fertilizers significantly improved the photosynthetic characteristics of table corn, with P_n, T_r and G_s reached the peak at jointing stage. In conclusion, coatedslow release fertilizer had positive effects on dry matter accumulation, biological characters, yield components, photosynthetic characteristics, total nitrogen accumulation, fertilizer utilization rate, and yield of table corn. Therefore, coated slow-release fertilizer is suitable for high yielding cultivation of table corn in Guizhou yellow soil area.

Key words: nitrogen utilization, yield, new slow-release fertilizer, dry matter accumulation.