菌肥与腐熟秸秆对盐碱地土壤盐分及燕麦品质的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202106.003

生态学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 1639-1649.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202106.003

菌肥与腐熟秸秆对盐碱地土壤盐分及燕麦品质的影响

卢培娜¹,刘景辉^*,赵宝平¹,杨彦明¹,米俊珍¹,马斌²,刘敏³

（¹内蒙古农业大学农学院，呼和浩特 010019；²宁夏农林科学院荒漠化治理研究所，银川 750002； ³鄂尔多斯市农业技术推广站，内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017000）

出版日期:2021-06-10 发布日期:2021-12-10

Effects of biofertilizer and rotten straw on soil salinity and oat quality in saline alkaline soil.

LU Pei-na¹, LIU Jing-hui^1*, ZHAO Bao-ping¹, YANG Yan-ming¹, MI Jun-zhen¹, MA Bin², LIU Min³

(¹Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; ²Institute of Desertification Control, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China; ³Agricultural Technology Popularization Station, Erdos 017000, Inner Mongolia, China).

Online:2021-06-10 Published:2021-12-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究有机改良措施对盐碱土壤盐分及燕麦品质的影响，于2016—2018年在内蒙古农业大学海流图盐碱试验地连续种植燕麦，调查了对照（CK）、菌肥（F）、腐熟秸秆（S）及菌肥与腐熟秸秆配施（FS）4个处理下土壤pH、水溶性盐基离子浓度及燕麦品质的变化。结果表明，通过种植燕麦，各处理0～40 cm土壤pH、含盐量和土壤盐离子Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、Na⁺、HCO₃^-+CO₃^2-和SO₄^2-浓度逐渐降低，但土壤K⁺和Cl^-含量增加；较2016年改良前相比，2018年CK、F、S、FS处理土壤阳离子（Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、Na⁺）总量分别降低80.22%、82.78%、78.24%、80.87%，SO₄^2-分别降低63.91%、77.87%、56.27%、80.88%，土壤K⁺含量分别增加142.00%、171.88%、49.65%、93.28%；连续改良3年后，2018年FS处理较对照显著提高燕麦籽粒粗蛋白含量4.04%、粗脂肪含量9.09%、K⁺含量6.30%及Na⁺含量40.00%，显著提高燕麦植株粗蛋白21.26%、中性洗涤纤维含量2.09%、酸性洗涤纤维含量4.25%及K⁺含量71.24%，降低燕麦植株粗脂肪含量6.34%；改良过程中，与对照相比，FS处理土壤特性与燕麦品质的相关性减弱。因此，腐熟秸秆配施菌肥可有效缓减盐碱地土壤盐害，提高燕麦籽粒和饲草品质。

关键词: 盐碱地, 菌肥, 腐熟秸秆, 土壤盐分, 燕麦品质

Abstract: We explored the effects of organic amendments under continuous cropping of oat on alkali-saline soils and oat quality in the Haitu Saline-alkali Experimental Station of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University during 2016-2018. There were four treatments, including control (CK), biofertilizer (F), rotten straw (S), and combined bio-fertilizer and rotten straw (FS). We measured soil pH, watersoluble salt ions concentration, and oat quality. The results showed that soil pH, salt content, and the concentrations of Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, HCO₃^-+CO₃^2- and SO₄^2- gradually decreased, while the K⁺ and Cl^- contents increased in the 0-40 cm for all treatments with the increasing planting years of oats. Compared to the pre-improvement in 2016, the contents of soil cations (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺) were decreased by 80.22%, 82.78%, 78.24% and 80.87%, and the soil SO₄^2- contents were decreased by 63.91%, 77.87%, 56.27% and 80.88%, while the soil K⁺ contents were increased by 142.00%, 171.88%, 49.65% and 93.28% in CK, F, S, FS treatments in 2018, respectively. FS treatment significantly increased crude protein content by 4.04%, increased crude fat content by 9.09%, increased K⁺ content by 6.30%, and increased Na⁺ content by 40.00% for oat grains and significantly increased crude protein content by 21.26%, neutral detergent fiber content by 2.09%, acid detergent fiber content by 4.25%, and K⁺ content by 71.24% for oat plants. The crude fat content of oat plants was significantly decreased by 6.34% after three years of improvement. Compared to CK, the correlation between soil properties and oat quality was weakened in FS treatment during the process of improvement. Therefore, the combined application of bio-fertilizer and rotten straw could effectively relief soil salinity and improve oat grain and forage qualities on saline-alkali land.

Key words: saline-alkali land, bio-fertilizer, rotten straw, soil salinity, oat quality.

卢培娜, 刘景辉, 赵宝平, 杨彦明, 米俊珍, 马斌, 刘敏. 菌肥与腐熟秸秆对盐碱地土壤盐分及燕麦品质的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2021, 40(6): 1639-1649.

LU Pei-na, LIU Jing-hui, ZHAO Bao-ping, YANG Yan-ming, MI Jun-zhen, MA Bin, LIU Min. Effects of biofertilizer and rotten straw on soil salinity and oat quality in saline alkaline soil.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2021, 40(6): 1639-1649.

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菌肥与腐熟秸秆对盐碱地土壤盐分及燕麦品质的影响

Effects of biofertilizer and rotten straw on soil salinity and oat quality in saline alkaline soil.

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