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生态学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 1244-1252.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202105.004

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

大青山白桦根围外生菌根真菌群落结构及其驱动因素

李敏*,高秀宏   

  1. (内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院, 呼和浩特 010022)
  • 出版日期:2021-05-10 发布日期:2021-05-07

Community structure and driving factors for rhizosphere ectomycorrhizal fungi of Betula platyphylla in Daqing Mountain.

LI Min*, GAO Xiu-hong   

  1. (College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China)
  • Online:2021-05-10 Published:2021-05-07

摘要: 菌根真菌是土壤生态系统中最重要的功能群之一,菌根真菌的存在会显著影响植物群落组成和生态系统功能。白桦(Betula platyphylla)是天然次生林生态系统演替过程中的先锋树种,是典型的外生菌根真菌树种。为进一步探明白桦外生菌根真菌多样性及群落结构,采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术,研究了呼和浩特市大青山井儿梁、哈达门森林公园和小井沟3个地点白桦根围土壤外生菌根真菌多样性及群落结构特征。结果表明:白桦外生菌根真菌隶属于2门、3纲、7目、17科、25属。在门水平上,外生菌根真菌主要隶属于担子菌门(Basidiomycota),占所有外生菌根真菌的98.79%;其余为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)真菌,仅占1.21%。在属水平上,红菇属(Russula)、丝膜菌属(Cortinarius)、锁瑚菌属(Clavulina)、辐片包属(Hysterangium)、滑锈伞属(Hebeloma)、蜡伞属(Hygrophorus)、鹅膏属(Amanita)和块菌属(Tuber)为白桦优势外生菌根真菌。3个地点外生菌根真菌群落的多样性和丰富度均有显著差异,小井沟最高,其次为哈达门森林公园,井儿梁最低。3个地点白桦外生菌根真菌群落的PCA聚类结果表明,哈达门和小井沟的外生菌根真菌群落结构相似,而与井儿梁的群落组成差异较大。采用RDA分析了3个地点外生菌根真菌群落组成差异的生态学成因,所有土壤因子解释了外生菌根真菌群落组成差异的98.3%,其中有效磷(AP)、总氮(TN)、有机质(OM)和速效钾(AK)是造成3个地点外生菌根真菌群落差异的主要驱动因子。

关键词: 外生菌根真菌,  , 高通量测序,  , 土壤理化性质,  , 群落结构

Abstract: Mycorrhizal fungi are one of the most important functional groups in soils, which significantly affect plant community composition and ecosystem function. Betula platyphylla, a typical ectomycorrhizal fungi-dominated tree species, is a pioneer species in natural secondary succession of forests. To better understand the composition of ectomycorrhizal fungi, Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was used to examine the diversity and community structure of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere soil of B. platyphylla in three sites of Jingerliang (JEL), Hadamen Forest Park (HDM), and Xiaojinggou (XJG) in Daqing Mountain, Hohhot. The results showed that the ectomycorrhizal fungi belonged to 2 phyla, 3 classes, 7 orders, 17 families, and 25 genera. At the phylum level, Basidiomycota accounted for 98.79% of all ectomycorrhizal fungi, with the rest being Ascomycota (1.21%). At the genus level, Russula,Cortinarius, Clavulina, Hysterangium,Hebeloma, Hygrophorus,Amanita and Tuber were the dominant ectomycorrhizal fungi. The diversity and richness of ectomycorrhizal fungi communities significantly differed among the three sites, with XJG being the highest, followed by HDM, and JEL being the lowest. The PCA clustering results of ectomycorrhizal fungi communities showed that the ectomycorrhizal fungal community structure in HDM and XJG was similar, which was quite different from that in JEL. The RDA was employed to analyze the ecological causes of the differences in the community composition of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the three sites. All soil factors explained 98.3% of the differences in the community composition of ectomycorrhizal fungi, with AP, TN, OM and AK being the main factors driving the differences of community composition of ectomycorrhizal fungi among the three sites.

Key words: ectomycorrhizal fungi, high-throughput sequencing, soil physical and chemical properties, community structure.