夏玉米叶片含水率及光合特性对不同强度持续干旱的响应

生态学杂志

夏玉米叶片含水率及光合特性对不同强度持续干旱的响应

王秋玲¹,周广胜^1**,麻雪艳^1,2

(¹中国气象科学研究院，北京 100081； ^2南京信息工程大学应用气象学院，南京 210044)

出版日期:2015-11-10 发布日期:2015-11-10

Responses of summer maize leaf water content and photosynthetic characteristics to consecutive drought with different intensities.

WANG Qiu-ling¹, ZHOU Guang-sheng^1**, MA Xue-yan^1,2

(¹ Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; ^2School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China)

Online:2015-11-10 Published:2015-11-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于七叶期开始的夏玉米全生育期不同强度的干旱发生发展模拟试验资料，分析了不同强度的干旱发生发展对夏玉米叶片含水率及光合特性的影响。结果表明：夏玉米生育期内叶片含水率随干旱发生发展呈线性下降趋势，并与土壤相对湿度通过0.005水平的显著性检验，可表征玉米的受旱程度。玉米全生育期内叶片的光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度均随干旱的发生发展呈显著下降趋势，且不同强度干旱的影响差异随时间推移而减小；而叶片水分利用效率则随干旱发生发展呈升高趋势，且随着干旱的发展不同强度干旱间的差异呈增加趋势。玉米全生育期内均出现了光合作用由气孔限制向非气孔限制的转换，转换时间分别为46、38、30和35 d，与干旱强度及持续时间呈反比。

关键词: 籽实产量, 黄土高原半干旱区, 种植密度, 叶面积指数, 行内间作

Abstract: The effects of occurrence and development of consecutive drought with different intensities on leaf water content and photosynthetic characteristics of summer maize were studied based on the summer maize drought manipulation experiment from 7leaf stage. The results indicated that the leaf water content decreased linearly during growing season and it was significantly correlated with relative soil moisture (P<0.005), implying that the leaf water content may be used as an index of crop drought. The photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of maize leaf during growing season decreased significantly with the decrease of relative soil moisture. The difference of all these parameters among different water treatments declined with the development of consecutive drought. The water use efficiency showed a rising trend and its difference among different water treatments was small at earlier stage, but enlarged at later stage with the aggravation of consecutive drought. There was a conversion from stomatal limitation to nonstomatal limitation for photosynthesis during growing season, respectively occurring 46, 38, 30, and 35 days after water controlling for W1 to W4 water treatments. The conversion occurrence time was negatively related with drought intensity and consecutive time.

Key words: grain yield, semi-arid region of Loess Plateau, within-row-intercropping, planting density, leaf area index

王秋玲1,周广胜1**,麻雪艳1,2. 夏玉米叶片含水率及光合特性对不同强度持续干旱的响应[J]. 生态学杂志.

WANG Qiu-ling1, ZHOU Guang-sheng1**, MA Xue-yan1,2. Responses of summer maize leaf water content and photosynthetic characteristics to consecutive drought with different intensities.[J]. cje.

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