不同保水剂对甜菜生长影响的生理效应

生态学杂志

不同保水剂对甜菜生长影响的生理效应

黄伟^1,3**,张俊花^1,3,张立峰^2,3,刘玉华^2,3,王一红^4

（¹河北北方学院农林科技学院，河北张家口 075000； ²河北农业大学农学院，河北保定 071001； ³农业部张北农业资源与生态环境重点野外观测试验站，河北张北 076450； ⁴河北省三河市农业局，河北三河 065299）

出版日期:2015-07-10 发布日期:2015-07-10

Physiological effect of different super absorbents on sugarbeet growth.

HUANG Wei^1,3**, ZHANG Jun-hua^1,3, ZHANG Li-feng^2,3, LIU Yu-hua^2,3, WANG Yi-hong^4

(¹College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China; ^2College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; ³Zhangbei Agricultural Resource and Ecological Environment Key Field Research Station, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhangjiakou 076450, Hebei, China; ⁴ Sanhe Agriculture Bureau, Sanhe 065299, Hebei, China)

Online:2015-07-10 Published:2015-07-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为筛选出抗旱效果明显的保水剂，提高甜菜成苗率和产量，采用温室结合田间试验的方法，研究了不同保水剂对甜菜植株生长和产量的影响。结果表明：4种保水剂中以TM-3005KM保水剂处理效果最佳；TM-3005KM保水剂较CK定植后幼苗成活率高7.22%；苗期末期，TM-3005KM保水剂处理的株高、根粗、冠幅、叶长和叶宽值均最大，且显著高于CK，根鲜重、根干重、茎叶鲜重和茎叶干重较CK分别高27.83%、38.46%、65.21%和59.15%；各处理甜菜叶片叶绿素含量均呈单峰曲线，并于叶丛快速增长期达到峰值，各生育期施用保水剂各处理的叶绿素含量均显著高于CK，且以TM-3005KM保水剂处理含量值最高；各处理甜菜叶片光合速率变化与叶绿素含量基本一致；各处理甜菜叶片脯氨酸含量随生育时期的推进，表现出升高→降低→升高→降低的趋势，各生育期均以TM-3005KM保水剂处理含量最低，CK最高；TM-3005KM保水剂处理可溶性糖从地上部叶片向块根中转移的相对较早，且其含量变化相对稳定；收获时，TM-3005KM保水剂处理较CK生物产量、经济产量和折光糖度分别提高50.08%、47.53%和2.10%。研究表明，TM-3005KM保水剂处理有利于提高甜菜幼苗成活率，促进幼苗快速生长，增强植株抵御干旱的能力，为叶绿素含量积累、光合速率增大和产量的提高奠定良好的基础。

关键词: 长江口, 鮻, 形态特征, 矢耳石, 年龄鉴定

Abstract: To select an efficient super absorbent and improve sugarbeet survival rate and yield, the effect of different super absorbents on sugarbeet growth and yield was studied in both field and greenhouse in the semiarid region of northwest Hebei Province. Of the four super absorbents studied, TM-3005KM had an obvious promotional effect. The survival rate of sugarbeet in the TM-3005KM treatment was 7.22% higher than that of the control. At the end of the seedling stage, the physiological indexes of the plants treated with TM-3005KM were obviously higher than those subjected to the other treatments. Root fresh weight, root dry weight, stem+leaf fresh weight, and stem+leaf dry weight following TM-3005KM treatment were 27.83%, 38.46%, 65.21% and 59.15% higher than those of the control, respectively. The spectral curve of sugarbeet leaf chlorophyll content exhibited a single absorption peak that reached its maximum during the phyllome rapidgrowth stage. At all stages, the chlorophyll contents of super absorbent treatments were higher than that of the control, with the highest content observed in the TM-3005KM treatment. Changes in photosynthetic rate in all treatments followed a trend similar to that of the chlorophyll content. In sugarbeet leaves, proline content first increased, then declined, then rose again, and finally declined; at all stages, proline content was the lowest in TM-3005KM treatment and highest in the control. Compared with the other treatments, transfer of soluble sugar from leaves to roots occurred earlier and more stably in the treatment of TM-3005KM. The biomass, economic yield, and sugar refractive index values in the TM-3005KM treatment were respectively 50.08%, 47.53% and 2.10% higher than in the control. These results indicated that TM-3005KM was highly effective for enhancing the survival rate, seedling growth and drought resistance of sugarbeet, thereby contributing to increases in chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, and yield.

Key words: sagittal otolith, age determination, Liza haematocheila, morphological characteristics, Yangtze Estuary.

黄伟1,3**,张俊花1,3,张立峰2,3,刘玉华2,3,王一红4. 不同保水剂对甜菜生长影响的生理效应[J]. 生态学杂志.

HUANG Wei1,3**, ZHANG Jun-hua1,3, ZHANG Li-feng2,3, LIU Yu-hua2,3, WANG Yi-hong4. Physiological effect of different super absorbents on sugarbeet growth.[J]. cje.

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