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30种芳香植物水浸提液对尿素水解和硝化作用的抑制效果

史云峰1,2,张帆1,徐小雄1,张丽莉2,赵牧秋1**   

  1. 1琼州学院生物科学与技术学院, 海南三亚  572022; 2中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016)
  • 出版日期:2014-12-10 发布日期:2014-12-10

Inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts of thirty aromatic plants on urea hydrolysis and nitrification.

SHI Yun-feng1,2, ZHANG Fan1, XU Xiao-xiong1, ZHANG Li-li2, ZHAO Mu-qiu1**   

  1. (1College of Biological Science and Technology, Qiongzhou University, Sanya 572022, Hainan, China; 2Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China)
  • Online:2014-12-10 Published:2014-12-10

摘要:

采用室内培养实验,研究了17科30种芳香植物水浸提液对3种土壤中尿素水解和硝化作用的抑制效果。结果表明:浸提液能够对尿素水解起抑制作用的芳香植物有22种,其中5种的抑制效果优于脲酶抑制剂氢醌(HQ);30种芳香植物浸提液均能够抑制硝化作用,其中11种的硝化抑制效果优于双氰胺(DCD);菊科植物洋甘菊(Chamomila recutita)和芸香科植物桔子花(Citrus reticulata)既能有效抑制尿素水解,又能有效减缓NH4+的硝化,是尿基氮肥增效剂的最佳选择。研究还表明,洋甘菊和桔子花粉末在培养后的24~36 h脲酶抑制率最高,在培养后的7~14 d硝化抑制率最高,且抑制效果随粉末用量的增加而增强。
 

关键词: 涡度相关法, 气象因素, Penman-Monteith模型, 蒸散量

Abstract:

An incubation experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of aqueous extracts of 30 aromatic plant species from 17 families on urea hydrolysis and nitrification in 3 soils. The results indicated that the aqueous extracts from 22 of the aromatic plants could inhibit urea hydrolysis, and 5 of the extracts showed better effects than urease inhibitor hydroquinone (HQ). The aqueous extracts from 30 of the aromatic plants could inhibit nitrification of NH4+, and 11 of the extracts showed better effects than nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (DCD). Chamomila recutita belonging to Asteraceae and Citrus reticulate belonging to Rutaceae could effectively inhibit both urea hydrolysis and nitrification, and hence may be applied as synergist of urea. The results also indicated that the best inhibitory effects of C. recutita and C. reticulate on urea hydrolysis and nitrification appeared during 24-36 h and during 7-14 d of incubation, respectively, and their inhibitory effects increased with increasing their dosages.
 

Key words: Penman-Monteith model, evapotranspiration, eddy covariance method, meteorological parameters