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藏嵩草和矮嵩草种群空间分布格局对水分的响应

党晶晶,赵成章**,董小刚,杨泉,查高德   

  1. (西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 甘肃省湿地资源保护与产业发展工程研究中心, 兰州 730070)
  • 出版日期:2014-07-10 发布日期:2014-07-10

Response of Kobresia tibetica and Kobresia humilis population spatial pattern to soil moisture.

DANG Jing-jing, ZHAO Cheng-zhang**, DONG Xiao-gang, YANG Quan, ZHA Gao-de   

  1. (Research Center of Wetland Resources Protection and Industrial Development Engineering of Gansu Province, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China)
  • Online:2014-07-10 Published:2014-07-10

摘要:

植物种群对土壤水分响应的异质性是其格局形成和演变的环境基础。采用草地群落学调查与点格局分析方法,按湿地中心向边缘土壤水分依次递减的规律设置5个样地,分析了不同水分梯度下祁连山北坡高寒湿地主要植物藏嵩草(Kobresia tibetica)和矮嵩草(K.humilis)种群的空间分布类型及种间关联关系。结果表明:随土壤水分减少,藏嵩草种群盖度、植株高度、地上生物量持续降低,矮嵩草的生物学特征呈现先增大再减小的变化趋势;藏嵩草种群在土壤水分递减过程中小尺度上空间分布类型变化为聚集—均匀—聚集,矮嵩草种群在小尺度上由聚集分布逐渐转为均匀分布;随着土壤水分降低,藏嵩草和矮嵩草种群小尺度上的空间关联性逐渐表现为:显著正关联—关联性不显著—显著负关联。高寒湿地中藏嵩草与矮嵩草种群生物学特征、空间格局的规律性变化,反映了植物种间关系对生境异质性的适应性。

 

关键词: 潮汐流人工湿地(TFCW), 反硝化, 厌氧氨氧化, 基于亚硝化的全程自养脱氮(CANON), 碳氮比(C/N)

Abstract: Heterogeneity of plant population response to soil moisture is the environmental basis of their pattern’s formation and evolution. According to the pattern of soil water decreasing gradually from the wetland center to the edge, we set up five sampling plots to study the spatial distribution and spatial association of Kobresia tibetica and K. humilis under different soil moistures in north Qilian Mountain by using the point pattern analysis. The results showed that with the decrease of alpine wetland moisture content, the coverage, plant height and aboveground biomass of K. tibetica population were continuously increased, while the main biological features of K. humilis increased firstly then reduced. The distribution pattern of K. tibetica was clumped—regular—clumped and that of K. humilis gradually shifted from aggregation to regularity at small scale. Along with the decrease of soil moisture, the spatial association between K. tibetica and K. humilis population at small scale was positively correlated, then changed into no significant correlation and negative correlation finally. In the alpine wetland, the main biological features and spatial pattern of K. tibetica and K. humilis populations showed regular changes, which reflected the adaptability of the two species in response to habitat heterogeneity under different soil moistures.

Key words: completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON), denitrification, tidal flow constructed wetland (TFCW), COD/TN (C/N), anammox