江苏典型水域湖鲚食性对比分析

生态学杂志

江苏典型水域湖鲚食性对比分析

谷先坤^1,2,张彤晴^1,2*,李大命^1,2,刘小维^1,2,刘燕山^1,2,沈冬冬^1,2,许飞³,王华³

（¹江苏省淡水水产研究所，南京 210017； ²江苏省内陆水域渔业资源重点实验室，南京 210017；³江苏省高宝卲伯湖渔业管理委员会办公室，江苏扬州 225009）

出版日期:2019-10-10 发布日期:2019-10-10

Feeding characteristics of Coilia nasus taihuensis in typical waters of Jiangsu Province.

GU Xian-kun^1,2, ZHANG Tong-qing^1,2*, LI Da-ming^1,2, LIU Xiao-wei^1,2, LIU Yan-shan^1,2, SHEN Dong-dong^1,2, XU Fei³, WANG Hua³

(¹Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, China; ²Key Laboratory of Fisheries Resources in Inland Water of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, China; ³Office of Gaobao Shaobo Lake Fisheries Management Committee, Yangzhou 22500, Jiangsu, China).

Online:2019-10-10 Published:2019-10-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用多目刺网于2017年9—11月在江苏典型水域长江南京段、高邮湖、洪泽湖、骆马湖及淮河江苏段采集湖鲚样品。通过胃含物鉴定以及测定摄食率、平均饱满指数、食物选择指数等指标，对比分析不同水域湖鲚的食性差异。结果表明：不同水域湖鲚皆为浮游动物食性，以枝角类和桡足类为主，偶尔出现轮虫和小型鱼虾；在摄食强度、食物选择性不同水域湖鲚并无显著性差异，但在食物组成上差异明显；洪泽湖湖鲚食物种类最多，高邮湖次之，长江最少；长江、洪泽湖、骆马湖水域湖鲚食物中，桡足类占优势，高邮湖中枝角类占优势；桡足类中，长江、高邮湖、洪泽湖水域湖鲚食物中以剑水蚤为主要优势种（数量百分比为29.2%～70.1%），骆马湖则以刺剑水蚤为主要优势种（数量百分比45.4%），淮河以剑水蚤、温剑水蚤为优势种（数量百分比18.6～18.9%）；枝角类中高邮湖、洪泽湖、骆马湖、淮河水域湖鲚食物中象鼻溞为主要优势种，数量百分比76.9%～100.0%，长江水域湖鲚则以溞为主（数量百分比81.5%）。聚类分析表明，根据食性差异，5个不同水域湖鲚可以归为长江种群、高邮湖洪泽湖种群以及骆马湖淮河种群3个种群。

关键词: 杨树, 球毛壳ND35, 光合作用, 光能利用效率, 连作

Abstract: Samples of Coilia nasus taihuensis were collected with multi-mesh gill net from five typical waters including Nanjing section of Yangtze River, Gaoyou Lake, Hongze Lake, Luoma Lake and Jiangsu section of Huaihe River from September to November in 2017. By identifying the contents of stomach and determining the feeding rate, stomach fullness index and Ivlev’s selectivity index, the feeding characteristics ofCoilia nasus taihuensis in different waters were compared. The results showed that Coilia nasus taihuensis in different waters were all zooplankton-feeding, mainly feeding on cladocera and copepods, occasionally on rotifers, small fish, and shrimp. There was no significant difference in feeding intensity and Ivlev’s selectivity index among different waters, but with significant difference in food composition. The Shannon index of diet composition forCoilia nasus taihuensis in Hongze Lake was the highest, followed by Gaoyou Lake, while the Yangtze River was the lowest. Copepods dominated the diet of Scorpion in the Yangtze River, Hongze Lake and Luoma Lake, while Cladocera dominated in the Gaoyou Lake. For copepods, the predominant species were Cyclops (quantity percentage of 29.2%-70.1%) in the Yangtze River, Gaoyou Lake, and Hongze Lake, Acanthocyclops (45.4%) in Luoma Lake, and Cyclops and Thermocyclops (18.6-18.9%) in Huaihe River. Bosmina were the dominant species of cladocera in Gaoyou Lake, Hongze Lake, Luoma Lake, and Huaihe River, with the percentage ranging from 76.9% to 100.0%. Daphnia were the dominant species in Yangtze River (81.5%). Results of cluster analysis showed that Coilia nasus taihuensis from five different waters could be classified into three populations according to their feeding characteristics: Yangtze River population, Hongze Lake and Gaoyou Lake population, and Huaihe and Luoma Lake population.

Key words: light use efficiency., photosynthesis, successive rotation, poplar, Chaetomium globosmn ND35

谷先坤,张彤晴,李大命,刘小维,刘燕山,沈冬冬,许飞,王华. 江苏典型水域湖鲚食性对比分析[J]. 生态学杂志.

GU Xian-kun, ZHANG Tong-qing, LI Da-ming, LIU Xiao-wei, LIU Yan-shan, SHEN Dong-dong, XU Fei, WANG Hua. Feeding characteristics of Coilia nasus taihuensis in typical waters of Jiangsu Province.[J]. cje.

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