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生态学杂志 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (06): 1246-1250.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国部分省份农村室内灰尘铅污染特征

杨文麟1,闭向阳1**,韩志轩1,宁蒙1,杨欢1,王历星1,张鑫1,马骏驰2   

  1. 1生物地质与环境地质教育部重点实验室, 中国地质大学(武汉)地球科学学院, 武汉 430074;2沈阳二中, 沈阳 110016
  • 出版日期:2011-06-08 发布日期:2011-06-08

Dust lead contamination in rural households of several provinces in China.

YANG Wen-lin1, BI Xiang-yang1**, HAN Zhi-xuan1, NING Meng1, YANG Huan1, WANG Li-xing1, ZHANG Xin1, MA Jun-chi2   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; 2Shenyang No. 2 High School, Shenyang 110016, China
  • Online:2011-06-08 Published:2011-06-08

摘要: 采集了中国8个省份122件农村室内灰尘样品,对其中铅的含量、赋存形态及生物可给性进行了研究。结果表明,8个省份农村室内灰尘铅平均含量为207.5 mg·kg-1,湖南(平均537.8 mg·kg-1)和云南(280.1 mg·kg-1)铅含量较高,陕西(96.0 mg·kg-1)和福建(80.1 mg·kg-1)相对较低。连续形态提取结果表明,农村室内灰尘铅主要以铁锰氧化物结合态形式存在(36.8%),其次为残渣态(17.7%)和碳酸盐结合态(16.7%),可交换态(14.3%)和有机质结合态(14.4%)铅所占总量比例相对较少。通过体外模拟实验提取的生物可给态铅占总铅的比例平均为52.8%,相关分析显示,生物可给态铅含量与铁锰氧化物结合态铅含量高度相关,表明铁锰氧化物结合态铅对生物可给态铅具有重要贡献。

关键词: 污染土壤, 植物修复, 根际圈, 重金属, 生态系统

Abstract: One hundred and twenty one dust samples were collected from the rural households in eight provinces of China to measure the lead (Pb) concentration, speciation, and bio-availability. The mean Pb concentration in the household dusts was 207.5 mg·kg-1. Among the eight provinces, Hunan and Yunnan had higher Pb concentration in their rural household dusts (537.8 and 280.1 mg·kg-1, respectively), while Shaanxi and Fujian had a relatively lower one (96.0 and 80.1 mg·kg-1, respectively). In the household dusts, Pb was mainly associated with Fe-Mn oxides (36.8%), followed by in residual form (17.7%), and associated with carbonate (16.7%). The exchangeable form (14.3%) and organic/sulphide form (14.4%) were relatively low. The bio-availability of Pb in the household dusts was 52.8%, and significantly correlated with Fe-Mn oxide Pb, suggesting the important contribution of Fe-Mn oxide Pb to the bio-available Pb.

Key words: Contaminated soil, Phytoremediation, Rhizosphere, Heavy metal, Ecosystem