生物有机肥调控对盐碱胁迫下向日葵幼苗生长及生理指标的影响

生态学杂志 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (04): 682-688.

生物有机肥调控对盐碱胁迫下向日葵幼苗生长及生理指标的影响

王善仙1,2,刘宛1**,李培军1,詹振楠1,2,李晓军1,贾春云1,宋立超3

1中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所污染生态与环境工程重点实验室, 沈阳 110016；2中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049；3沈阳农业大学, 沈阳 110161

出版日期:2011-04-08 发布日期:2011-04-08

Regulation effects of bioorganic fertilizer on sunflower seedlings growth and leaf physiological indices under salt-alkali stress.

WANG Shan-xian1,2, LIU Wan1, LI Pei-jun1, ZHAN Zhen-nan1,2, LI Xiao-jun1, JIA Chun-yun1, SONG Li-chao3

1Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China|2Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049|3Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China

Online:2011-04-08 Published:2011-04-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用盆栽方法，以清洁土壤为对照，研究了盐碱胁迫下不同生物有机肥施用量（0%、2%、4%和8%）对向日葵种子发芽率和出苗率、幼苗生长及生理指标的影响。结果表明：与对照相比，盐碱胁迫（T₀）7～28 d后，向日葵种子的发芽率及出苗率明显降低，种子出苗时间推迟了3 d，幼苗株高、根长、地上部分及根系鲜重、叶片中叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量均显著降低(P<0.05)，而且幼苗根系对盐碱胁迫的敏感性明显大于地上部；与T₀处理相比，生物有机肥施用量分别为2%（T₁）、4%（T₂）及8%（T₃）时，向日葵种子的出苗率分别提高了56.4%(P<0.05)、64.3% (P<0.05)及85.7%(P<0.05)，出苗时间提早了2～3 d，盐碱胁迫处理7 d后，T₁、T₂和T₃处理组幼苗的生长明显增强，叶片中叶绿素含量分别提高了24.4%（P<0.05）、27.2%（P<0.05）和33.2%（P<0.05），可溶性蛋白质含量分别增加了34.4%（P<0.05）、43.6%（P<0.05）和48.8%（P<0.05）；随着处理时间的延长，T₁、T₂和T₃处理对幼苗生长及生理指标的抑制作用均表现出不同程度的降低。综上可知，盐碱胁迫条件下，施用2%～8%的生物有机肥可以明显减轻盐碱胁迫对向日葵种子出苗、幼苗生长及生理指标的抑制作用。

关键词: 16SrRNA, 寡核苷酸探针, 定量杂交, 微生物生态

Abstract: A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different dosages (0%, 2%, 4%, and 8%) bioorganic fertilizer on the seed germination, emergence rate, seedling growth, and leaf physiological indices of sunflower under salt-alkali stress. As compared with the control, after 7-28 days under salt-alkali stress (T₀), the seed germination rate and emergence rate decreased markedly, seed emergence delayed for 3 days, seedlings shoot- and root length, shoot- and root fresh weight, and leaf chlorophyll and soluble protein contents decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the roots were much more sensitive than the shoots. As compared with T₀, after the application of 2% (T₁), 4% (T₂), and 8% (T₃) bioorganic fertilizer, the seed emergence rate increased by 564% (P<0.05), 643% (P<0.05), and 857% (P<0.05), respectively, and the seed emergence advanced by 2-3 days. After 7 days under salt-alkali stress, the seedling growth in treatments T₁, T₂, and T₃ had an obvious increase, leaf chlorophyll content increased by 24.4% (P<0.05), 27.2% (P<0.05), and 33.2% (P<0.05), and leaf soluble protein content increased by 34.4% (P<0.05), 43.6% (P<0.05) and 48.8% (P<0.05), respectively. When the treated duration prolonged from 7 to 28 days, the inhibitory effects of salt-alkali stress on the seedling growth and the leaf chlorophyll and soluble protein contents in treatments T₁, T₂, and T₃ decreased to some extent. These results indicated that applying 2%-8% bioorganic fertilizer could obviously alleviate the inhibitory effects of salt-alkali stress on the seed emergence, seedling growth, and leaf physiological indices of sunflower.

Key words: 16S rRNA, Oligonucleotide probes, Quantitative hybridization, Microbial ecology

王善仙,刘宛,李培军,詹振楠,李晓军,贾春云,宋立超. 生物有机肥调控对盐碱胁迫下向日葵幼苗生长及生理指标的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2011, 30(04): 682-688.

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