微润管布设方式和施肥水平对蓝莓生长及光合特性的影响

生态学杂志

微润管布设方式和施肥水平对蓝莓生长及光合特性的影响

孙光照¹,刘小刚^1*,余小弟^1,2,彭有亮¹,冷险险¹,黄一峰¹,杨启良¹

(¹昆明理工大学现代农业工程学院，昆明 650500； ²云南云交建工程试验检测有限公司，昆明 650216)

出版日期:2019-02-10 发布日期:2019-02-10

Effects of moistube patterns and fertilization levels on growth and physiological characteristics of blueberry.

SUN Guang-zhao¹, LIU Xiao-gang^1*, YU Xiao-di^1,2, PENG You-liang¹, LENG Xian-xian¹, HUANG Yi-feng¹, YANG Qi-liang¹

(¹Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; ²Yunnan Yunjiao Construction Engineering Test and Detection Company, Kunming 650216, China).

Online:2019-02-10 Published:2019-02-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探明微润灌溉与施肥对蓝莓(夏普蓝)生长发育及光合特性的影响，通过小区试验，研究了微润管水平布置（LM）、微润管竖插布置（UM）和微润管圆形布置（RM) 3种布设方式和0 g·株^-1(F₀)、10 g·株^-1(F₁)、20 g·株^-1（F₂)和30 g·株^-1（F₃) 4个施肥水平对蓝莓生长、叶绿素含量、净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、干物质累积和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明：与LM相比，UM增加蓝莓P_n、T_r、干物质累积量和水分利用效率分别为21.47%、16.67%、16.90%和27.35%，RM分别增加24.82%、38.66%、39.66%和44.35%，并且RM显著增加株高、地茎、新枝长度和叶绿素含量；随着施肥量增加，蓝莓株高、地茎、新枝长度和叶绿素含量均先增加后减少；与F₀相比，F₂处理提高P_n、T_r、干物质累积量和水分利用效率分别为14.74%、13.49%、22.62%和21.09%；与LMF₀相比，LMF₂、UMF₂、RMF₂处理干物质累积量分别增加17.53%、40.58%、61.14%，水分利用效率分别增加17.53%、53.14%、66.55%；从高效节水的角度考虑，蓝莓的最佳微润灌溉和施肥组合模式为RMF₂。

关键词: 板栗, 土壤肥力, 枝干病害, 回归分析

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of ‘Sharpblue’ blueberry under different treatments of moistube irrigation and fertilization. The experiment followed a randomized block design, with three moistube patterns (LM: level setting of moistube, UM: upright setting of moistube, RM: round setting of moistube) and four fertilization levels (F₀: 0 g·plant^-1, F₁: 10 g·plant^-1, F₂: 20 g·plant^-1 and F₃: 30 g·plant^-1). We examined the effects of different moistube patterns and fertilization levels on the growth, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic (P_n), transpiration rate (T_r), dry matter accumulation, and water use efficiency of blueberry. The results showed that compared with LM treatment, UM increased P_n, T_r, dry matter accumulation, and water use efficiency by 21.47%, 16.67%, 16.90% and 27.35%, while RM increased those variables by 24.82%, 38.66%, 39.66% and 44.35%, respectively. RM treatment significantly increased plant height, stem diameter, new shoot length, and chlorophyll content of blueberry. With increasing fertilization levels, plant height, stem diameter, new shoot length and chlorophyll content of blueberry first increased and then decreased. Compared with F₀ treatment, F₂ increased P_n, T_r, dry matter accumulation and water use efficiency by 14.74%, 13.49%, 22.62% and 21.09%, respectively. Compared with LMF₀ treatment, the dry matter accumulation of LMF₂, UMF₂ and RMF₂ was increased by17.53%, 40.58% and 61.14%, and water use efficiency was increased by 17.53%, 53.14% and 66.55%, respectively. From the perspective of high efficiency and water saving, RMF₂ was the best combination of moistube irrigation and fertilization.

Key words: Chestnut, Soil fertility, Stem diseases, Regression analysis

孙光照,刘小刚,余小弟,彭有亮,冷险险,黄一峰,杨启良. 微润管布设方式和施肥水平对蓝莓生长及光合特性的影响[J]. 生态学杂志.

SUN Guang-zhao, LIU Xiao-gang, YU Xiao-di, PENG You-liang, LENG Xian-xian, HUANG Yi-feng, YANG Qi-liang. Effects of moistube patterns and fertilization levels on growth and physiological characteristics of blueberry.[J]. cje.

[1]	熊丽, 邵彩虹, 张文学, Marios Drosos, 周小华, 刘圣孝, 刘增兵, 孙刚, 王少先. 再生稻种植对土壤肥力和有机碳化学结构的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(3): 577-583.
[2]	吴智泉, 罗忠新, 罗久富, 隋欣, 吴赛男, 罗小林. 石漠化光伏场区土壤肥力质量空间分异特征 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(11): 2597-2603.
[3]	张义宁, 王俊. 绿肥腐解过程及其对旱作农田土壤碳氮和玉米产量的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(11): 2613-2621.
[4]	席丽, 李思瑶, 夏晓莹, 陈玉雯, 王杰, 马小龙, 米尔扎提·柯尼加里木, 阿丽耶·麦麦提, 王卫霞. 海拔、林龄和郁闭度对天山云杉林土壤肥力的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(10): 2477-2485.
[5]	雷娇娇, 于存, 田力, 袁伟, 祝静, 姚英. 长枝木霉菌肥优化及其对闽楠幼苗生长、生理及土壤养分的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2022, 41(3): 473-478.
[6]	罗也, 杨雨春, 赵珊珊, 任生, 许长有, 朱爱玲. 东北中东部胡桃楸天然次生林产区区划 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2022, 41(12): 2299-2305.
[7]	姚佳璇, 俄胜哲, 袁金华, 车宗贤, 王钰轩, 赵天鑫. 城市污泥农用对灌漠土作物产量及土壤质量的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2021, 40(7): 2120-2132.
[8]	卢立华, 李华, 陈琳, 明安刚, 杨予静. 经营模式对马尾松近熟林土壤理化性质和化学计量比的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2021, 40(3): 654-663.
[9]	宁亚洲, 张福平, 冯起, 魏永芬, 丁家宝, 张元. 秦岭水源涵养功能时空变化及其影响因素 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2020, 39(9): 3080-3091.
[10]	林雅超，高广磊，丁国栋，王学林，魏晓帅，王陇. 沙地樟子松人工林土壤理化性质与微生物生物量的动态变化 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2020, 39(5): 1445-1454.
[11]	刘辉,范东芳,黄引娣,伍永钢,胡林娜. 农村混合污水灌溉对土壤养分含量、酶活性及微生物多样性的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2019, 38(8): 2426-2432.
[12]	杨晨波,冯美臣,孙慧,王超,杨武德,谢永凯,靖秉翰. 不同灌水处理下冬小麦地上干生物量的高光谱监测 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2019, 38(6): 1767-1773.
[13]	李龙,王续富,左忠. 宁夏沙坡头PM₁₀浓度月-季节分布特征及其气象影响因素 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2019, 38(4): 1175-1181.
[14]	戴皖宁,王丽学,Ismail Khan,王晓帆,李振华. 秸秆覆盖和生物炭对玉米田间地温和产量的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2019, 38(3): 719-725.
[15]	潘博,段良霞,张凤,张亮,袁红,武乐乐,盛浩. 红壤剖面土壤养分对土地利用变化响应的敏感性 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2018, 37(9): 2707-2716.