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石首麋鹿国家级自然保护区草本植物区系及物种多样性

张金铭1,符龙飞3,洪欣4,王丽1,王智5,周守标1,2*   

  1. 1安徽师范大学环境科学与工程学院, 安徽芜湖 241003;2安徽省水土污染治理与修复工程实验室, 安徽芜湖 241003;3广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所, 广西桂林 541006;4安徽大学资源与环境工程学院, 合肥 230000; 5环境保护部南京环境科学研究所, 南京 210042)
  • 出版日期:2019-02-10 发布日期:2019-02-10

Herbaceous flora and species diversity in Shishou Milu National Nature Reserve.

ZHANG Jin-ming1, FU Long-fei3, HONG Xin4, WANG Li1, WANG Zhi5, ZHOU Shou-biao1,2*   

  1. (1College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241003, Anhui, China; 2Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, Wuhu 241003, Anhui, China; 3Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuangzu Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, Guangxi, China; 4 School ofResources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230000, China; 5Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China).
  • Online:2019-02-10 Published:2019-02-10

摘要: 麋鹿是栖息于湿地生境、主要以草本植物为食的大型哺乳动物,石首麋鹿国家级自然保护区是保护麋鹿等珍稀动植物的保护区,探究保护区内草本植物物种组成、区系特点及物种多样性的变化规律,对保护麋鹿及湿地生态系统具有重要意义。本研究以区内草本植物群落为对象,沿水分梯度基准线选取5个1 hm2典型样地进行了调查。结果表明:(1)样地内共有草本维管植物321种,隶属于72科216属,植物区系组成以小型科属为主。分布区类型多样,科级水平上有7个类型和2个变型,以世界分布占明显优势;属级水平上有13个类型,以泛热带分布最多,其次是温带分布。(2)保护区内草本植物的季节动态变化明显,春季和秋季的草本植物物种数分别为169和125种,不同季节相同样地内群落组成存在一定差异。(3)春、秋两季草本植物群落α多样性的变化格局与丰富度指数的变化格局比较一致,表现为春季随水分梯度减少呈总体降低的趋势,而秋季随水分梯度减少呈上升的趋势。

关键词: 城市污泥, 邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs), 稻草, 堆肥

Abstract: Milu (Elaphurus davidianus), a species of deer that inhabits wetland habitats, mainly feed on herbs. The Shishou Milu National Nature Reserve is one of the protected areas for milu and other rare animals and plants. Understanding plant species composition, flora characteristics, and species diversity of the herbaceous community in this reserve is of great significance for the conservation of milu and wetland ecosystems. Here, the herbaceous community in the reserve was investigated by selecting five plots (size of 1 hm2) along the water gradient baseline. A total of 321 species of herbaceous vascular plants were recorded in the plots, belonging to 216 genera and 72 families. The flora was composed of small families and genera. There were various types of distribution, with seven types and two variants at the level of the families and world distribution type being dominant. There were 13 types at the genus level, with the flora dominated by pantropic distribution type and followed by the temperate distribution type. The species richness and community composition of herbaceous plants in the reserve showed significant seasonal dynamics. The richness of herbaceous species in spring and autumn was 169 and 125 species, respectively. Furthermore, the changes of α diversity of herbaceous plant communities was consistent with that of the richness index in spring and autumn, showing a declined trend in spring due to the decreases of water gradient but a rise trend in fall.

Key words: Municipal sludge, Phthalic acid esters (PAEs), Rice straw, Composting