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生态学杂志 ›› 2009, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (11): 2305-2310.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

祁连山南坡植被景观格局及其破碎化

汤萃文1**;张海风2;陈银萍1;姚雪玲3;王丽娟1;肖笃宁4   

  1. 1兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,兰州 730070;2青海省林业调查规划院,西宁 810000;3中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京 100085;4中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳 110016
  • 出版日期:2009-11-10 发布日期:2009-11-10

Vegetation landscape pattern and its fragmentation on southern slope of Qilian Mountain.

ANG Cui-wen1;ZHANG Hai-feng2;CHEN Yin-ping1;YAO Xue-ling3;WANG Li-juan1;XIAO Du-ning4   

  1. 1School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China;2Academy of Forest Inventory and Planning Design of Qinghai Province, Xining 810000, China;3Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;4Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
  • Online:2009-11-10 Published:2009-11-10

摘要: 以扎麻什营林区的林相图和调查资料为基础,运用GIS手段,选取合适的景观格局指数,分析了祁连山南坡植被景观格局基本特征,并进行了破碎化评价。结果表明:研究区植被以草地和灌丛为主,景观基质已退化为裸地,各植被类型斑块密度远大于裸地,平均分维数较低,景观整体破碎化水平较高;草地和灌丛边界密度和破碎化指数均高于其他植被类型,反映出该区自然植被景观主要受放牧活动的影响;森林多以小面积零散分布,其中青海云杉林景观结构破坏较为严重,异质性较低,斑块形状趋于单一,显示出较高水平的破碎化,其他林种多以小面积集中分布于某些小的生境,受人类活动干扰较少,破碎化程度较低。

关键词: 狭翅大刀螳, 光照, 温度, 生长发育, 捕食功能

Abstract: Based on the forest form map and investigation data of Zhamashi forest area, and by using GIS, appropriate landscape pattern indices were chosen to study the basic characteristics of vegetation landscape pattern on the southern slope of Qilian Mountain, with the landscape fragmentation evaluated. In the study area, grass and shrub were the main vegetation types, and the landscape matrix had degraded to bare land. The patch densities of all vegetation types were far larger than that of bare land, and their mean fractal dimension was lower than that of bear land. All of these characters emphasized the highly fragmented condition of the vegetation landscape in this area. The total edge densities and fragment indices of grassland and shrub land were higher than those of other vegetation types, reflecting that the natural vegetation was mainly affected by grazing. The forests were more dispersed in small areas, and the landscape structure of Picea crassifollia forest was heavily destroyed, being induced that the heterogeneity became lower and the patch shape tended to single, suggesting a high fragmentation degree. Other forest types were centralized in a certain habitat and less disturbed by human activities, suggesting a lower fragmentation degree.

Key words: Tenodera angustipennis, Light, Temperature, Growth and development, Preying function